West Robin L, Bagwell Dana K, King Anyika
Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-2250, USA.
Exp Aging Res. 2006 Jul-Sep;32(3):297-316. doi: 10.1080/03610730600699092.
Two studies examined the impact of group size on interview results for older and younger adults. Both studies assessed memory performance over multiple trials, as well as memory beliefs. The second study also examined the relationship of state anxiety to group size, in the context of a motivational goals-feedback paradigm. Correlational data in both studies showed no relationship between group size and memory performance or memory beliefs. In the second study, larger groups were associated with greater arousal, and with reduced self-efficacy, for the older adult participants only. Although group size effects approached significance on several other measures, these results indicated that group size is not a critical factor in cognition, nor is it a confound when examining the outcomes of multi-trial list learning studies.
两项研究考察了小组规模对老年人和年轻人面试结果的影响。两项研究都在多次试验中评估了记忆表现以及记忆信念。第二项研究还在动机目标反馈范式的背景下，考察了状态焦虑与小组规模之间的关系。两项研究中的相关数据均表明，小组规模与记忆表现或记忆信念之间没有关系。在第二项研究中，仅对老年参与者而言，较大的小组与更高的唤醒水平以及更低的自我效能感相关。尽管在其他几项测量中，小组规模效应接近显著水平，但这些结果表明，小组规模不是认知中的关键因素，在考察多试验列表学习研究的结果时也不是一个混淆因素。
