Albers Sonja-Verena, Szabó Zalán, Driessen Arnold J M
Department of Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and the Materials Science Centre Plus, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2006 Jul;4(7):537-47. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1440. Epub 2006 Jun 6.
Archaea are similar to other prokaryotes in most aspects of cell structure but are unique with respect to the lipid composition of the cytoplasmic membrane and the structure of the cell surface. Membranes of archaea are composed of glycerol-ether lipids instead of glycerol-ester lipids and are based on isoprenoid side chains, whereas the cell walls are formed by surface-layer proteins. The unique cell surface of archaea requires distinct solutions to the problem of how proteins cross this barrier to be either secreted into the medium or assembled as appendages at the cell surface.
古菌在细胞结构的大多数方面与其他原核生物相似，但在细胞质膜的脂质组成和细胞表面结构方面是独特的。古菌的膜由甘油醚脂而非甘油酯脂组成，并且基于类异戊二烯侧链，而细胞壁则由表层蛋白形成。古菌独特的细胞表面需要针对蛋白质如何穿过这一屏障以分泌到培养基中或作为附属物组装在细胞表面这一问题的独特解决方案。
