Parzanese I, Maccarone D, Caniglia L, Pisani F, Laurenzi C, Famulari A
Centro Regionale per i Trapianti Regione Abruzzo-Regione Molise, L'Aquila, Italy.
Transplant Proc. 2006 May;38(4):986-7. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.03.054.
Abruzzo is a region in central Italy with a population of 1,262,392. Within this region there are 13 hospitals with intensive care units, four of which have neurosurgical units. The Regional Centre for Transplants in L'Aquila is notified of encephalic deaths in hospitals in Abruzzo and Molise and coordinates organ retrieval and transplantation. Organ donation is a process that involves a whole series of professionals who, operating in a sequential manner in each hospital, make possible the use of a cadaveric organ to give life to a person or improve the quality of life of a patient on a waiting list. Quality control procedures were introduced in 2001 and involve all of the hospitals in the region with intensive care units. The system for quality control was computerized in 2004 and is used in the four hospitals with neurosurgical units (type A hospitals) and in the 13 hospitals without (type B hospitals); the different types of deaths (cause of death, age, etc) are also analyzed with this system. One of the aims of this system is to discover the theoretical donation capacity, taking as benchmark values those resulting from the regional average and those published in international literature, and noting any shortcomings. It has emerged that donor identification is well organized and efficient and this is thanks to a concerted effort that has been made to overcome technical and organizational problems connected to donor detection and donor maintenance during the 6 hours of legal observation. The high percentage of opposition to organ removal, despite the fall registered in the first half of this year (2005), is still above the national average and still remains a critical point in the organ donation process.
阿布鲁佐是意大利中部的一个地区，人口为1,262,392。该地区有13家设有重症监护病房的医院，其中4家设有神经外科病房。拉奎拉的地区移植中心会收到阿布鲁佐和莫利塞地区医院脑死亡的通知，并协调器官获取和移植工作。器官捐赠是一个涉及一系列专业人员的过程，他们在每家医院按顺序开展工作，使得利用尸体器官来挽救一个人的生命或改善等待名单上患者的生活质量成为可能。质量控制程序于2001年引入，涉及该地区所有设有重症监护病房的医院。质量控制系统于2004年实现计算机化，用于4家设有神经外科病房的医院（A类医院）和13家没有神经外科病房的医院（B类医院）；该系统还用于分析不同类型的死亡情况（死亡原因、年龄等）。该系统的目标之一是确定理论捐赠能力，以地区平均值和国际文献中公布的值作为基准值，并指出任何不足之处。结果发现，捐赠者识别工作组织有序且高效，这要归功于为克服与捐赠者检测以及法定观察期6小时内捐赠者维持相关的技术和组织问题而做出的共同努力。尽管今年上半年（2005年）反对器官摘除的比例有所下降，但仍高于全国平均水平，仍然是器官捐赠过程中的一个关键点。
