Lindstedt Helena, Söderlund Anne, Stålenheim Gunilla, Sjödén Per-Olow
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Section of Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2005;59(5):357-64. doi: 10.1080/08039480500320082.
The study investigated to what extent personality traits, e.g. socialization, proneness for anxiety, aggression and hostility were associated with and predictive of self-reported and observed occupational performance and perceived life satisfaction among male mentally disordered offenders (MDOs). Also, subjects with psychopathic-related personality traits were compared with subjects without such traits regarding demographic data and dependent variables. The MDOs were included from the Swedish National Board of Forensic Medicine. A total of 55 subjects were visited at their hospital ward for data collection with the Karolinska Scales of Personality (KSP), Capability to Perform Daily Occupation (CPDO), Allen Cognitive Level Screen (ACLS) and the Manchester Quality of Life Scale (MANSA). Seven KSP scales and two KSP factors correlated significantly with the dependent variables. Regression analyses revealed that the KSP Socialization scale, the KSP Anxiety-proneness and Psychopathy factors were the most important predictors. Subjects with psychopathy differed from remaining groups by having more conduct disorders before 15 years, being more often brought up in outcasted families and less subjected to measures of pupil welfare activities. The life history was concluded to be important influencing occupational performance and life satisfaction. Subjects with high anxiety proneness should be given attention in treatment planning.
该研究调查了人格特质,如社交能力、焦虑倾向、攻击性和敌意,在多大程度上与男性精神错乱罪犯(MDOs)自我报告和观察到的职业表现以及感知到的生活满意度相关并具有预测性。此外,还比较了具有精神病态相关人格特质的受试者与没有此类特质的受试者在人口统计学数据和因变量方面的情况。这些MDOs来自瑞典国家法医学委员会。共有55名受试者在其医院病房接受访问,使用卡罗林斯卡人格量表(KSP)、日常职业执行能力量表(CPDO)、艾伦认知水平筛查量表(ACLS)和曼彻斯特生活质量量表(MANSA)进行数据收集。七个KSP量表和两个KSP因子与因变量显著相关。回归分析表明,KSP社交能力量表、KSP焦虑倾向和精神病态因子是最重要的预测因素。患有精神病态的受试者与其他组的不同之处在于,他们在15岁之前有更多的品行障碍,更常成长于被社会遗弃的家庭,且较少接受学生福利活动措施。研究得出结论,生活史对职业表现和生活满意度有重要影响。在治疗计划中应关注焦虑倾向高的受试者。