Lau Susanna K P, Woo Patrick C Y, Yip Cyril C Y, Tse Herman, Tsoi Hoi-wah, Cheng Vincent C C, Lee Paul, Tang Bone S F, Cheung Chris H Y, Lee Rodney A, So Lok-yee, Lau Yu-lung, Chan Kwok-hung, Yuen Kwok-yung
Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, University Pathology Building, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
J Clin Microbiol. 2006 Jun;44(6):2063-71. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02614-05.
We have recently described the discovery of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1 (CoV-HKU1), associated with community-acquired pneumonia. However, the clinical spectrum of disease and the epidemiology of CoV-HKU1 infections in relation to infections with other respiratory viruses are unknown. In this 12-month prospective study, 4,181 nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients with acute respiratory tract infections were subjected to reverse transcription-PCRs specific for CoV-HKU1 and human coronaviruses NL63 (HCoV-NL63), OC43 (HCoV-OC43), and 229E (HCoV-229E). Coronaviruses were detected in 87 (2.1%) patients, with 13 (0.3%) positive for CoV-HKU1, 17 (0.4%) positive for HCoV-NL63, 53 (1.3%) positive for HCoV-OC43, and 4 (0.1%) positive for HCoV-229E. Of the 13 patients with CoV-HKU1 infections, 11 were children and 8 had underlying diseases. Similar to the case for other coronaviruses, upper respiratory infection was the most common presentation of CoV-HKU1 infections, although pneumonia, acute bronchiolitis, and asthmatic exacerbation also occurred. Despite a shorter duration of fever (mean, 1.7 days) and no difference in maximum temperature in children with CoV-HKU1 infections compared to patients with most other respiratory virus infections, a high incidence of febrile seizures (50%) was noted, which was significantly higher than those for HCoV-OC43 (14%), adenovirus (9%), human parainfluenza virus 1 (0%), and respiratory syncytial virus (8%) infections. CoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43 infections peaked in winter, although cases of the former also occurred in spring to early summer. This is in contrast to HCoV-NL63 infections, which mainly occurred in early summer and autumn but were absent in winter. Two genotypes of CoV-HKU1 cocirculated during the study period. Continuous studies over a longer period are warranted to ascertain the seasonal variation and relative importance of the different coronaviruses. Similar studies in other countries are required to better determine the epidemiology and genetic diversity of CoV-HKU1.
我们最近描述了一种与社区获得性肺炎相关的新型冠状病毒——冠状病毒HKU1（CoV-HKU1）的发现。然而，与其他呼吸道病毒感染相关的CoV-HKU1感染的疾病临床谱和流行病学尚不清楚。在这项为期12个月的前瞻性研究中，对4181例急性呼吸道感染患者的鼻咽抽吸物进行了针对CoV-HKU1以及人冠状病毒NL63（HCoV-NL63）、OC43（HCoV-OC43）和229E（HCoV-229E）的逆转录聚合酶链反应。在87例（2.1%）患者中检测到冠状病毒，其中13例（0.3%）CoV-HKU1呈阳性，17例（0.4%）HCoV-NL63呈阳性，53例（1.3%）HCoV-OC43呈阳性，4例（0.1%）HCoV-229E呈阳性。在13例CoV-HKU1感染患者中，11例为儿童，8例有基础疾病。与其他冠状病毒情况类似，上呼吸道感染是CoV-HKU1感染最常见的表现，不过也会发生肺炎、急性细支气管炎和哮喘加重。尽管CoV-HKU1感染儿童的发热持续时间较短（平均1.7天），且最高体温与大多数其他呼吸道病毒感染患者相比无差异，但发热惊厥发生率较高（50%），显著高于HCoV-OC43（14%）、腺病毒（9%）、人副流感病毒1型（0%）和呼吸道合胞病毒（8%）感染。CoV-HKU1和HCoV-OC43感染在冬季达到高峰，不过CoV-HKU1的病例在春季至初夏也有发生。这与HCoV-NL63感染形成对比，HCoV-NL63感染主要发生在初夏和秋季，冬季无病例。在研究期间，两种CoV-HKU1基因型共同流行。有必要进行更长时间的持续研究以确定不同冠状病毒的季节性变化和相对重要性。需要在其他国家开展类似研究，以更好地确定CoV-HKU1的流行病学和遗传多样性。
