Lobe Shannon L, Bernstein Marica C, German Rebecca Z
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, USA.
J Anat. 2006 Jun;208(6):795-812. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00565.x.
Dietary protein is a limiting factor in mammalian growth, significantly affecting the non-linear trajectories of skeletal growth. Young females may be particularly vulnerable to protein malnutrition if the restriction is not lifted before they become reproductive. With such early malnutrition, limited amino acids would be partitioned between two physiological objectives, successful reproduction vs. continued growth. Thus, the consequences of protein malnutrition could affect more than one generation. However, few studies have quantified these cross-generational effects. Our objective was to test for differences in skeletal growth in a second generation of malnourished rats compared with rats malnourished only post-weaning, the first generation and with controls. In this longitudinal study we modelled the growth of 22 craniofacial measurements with the logistic Gompertz equation, and tested for differences in the equation's parameters among the diet groups. The female offspring of post-weaning malnourished dams did not catch up in size to the first generation or to controls, although certain aspects of their craniofacial skeleton were less affected than others. The second generation's growth trajectories resembled the longer and slower growth of the first malnourished generation. There was a complex interaction between developmental processes and early nutritional environment, which affected variation of adult size.
膳食蛋白质是哺乳动物生长的一个限制因素，对骨骼生长的非线性轨迹有显著影响。如果在年轻雌性动物进入繁殖期之前不解除蛋白质限制，它们可能特别容易受到蛋白质营养不良的影响。在这种早期营养不良的情况下，有限的氨基酸将在两个生理目标之间分配，即成功繁殖与持续生长。因此，蛋白质营养不良的后果可能会影响不止一代。然而，很少有研究对这些跨代效应进行量化。我们的目标是测试与仅在断奶后营养不良的大鼠（第一代）及对照组相比，第二代营养不良大鼠骨骼生长的差异。在这项纵向研究中，我们用逻辑斯蒂-冈珀茨方程对22项颅面测量指标的生长进行建模，并测试饮食组之间方程参数的差异。断奶后营养不良母鼠的雌性后代在体型上没有赶上第一代或对照组，尽管其颅面骨骼的某些方面受到的影响比其他方面小。第二代的生长轨迹类似于第一代营养不良大鼠更长、更缓慢的生长。发育过程与早期营养环境之间存在复杂的相互作用，这影响了成年体型的变异。
