McDavid Kathleen, Li Jianmin, Lee Lisa M
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006 May;42(1):101-7. doi: 10.1097/01.qai.0000199353.11479.08.
An estimated 361,000 persons in the United States are currently living with HIV (not AIDS), and approximately 29% are women.
Data on all HIV cases diagnosed from 1999 through 2004 for adult and adolescent women at least 13 years old and reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 33 states with confidential name-based reporting systems were used. HIV diagnoses and rates per 100,000 women (95% confidence intervals) were analyzed by age group, race and/or ethnicity, transmission category, diagnosis year, and geographic region.
The annual estimated rate of HIV diagnosis for black women decreased significantly, from 82.7 in 2001 to 67.0 in 2004, but remained 21 times that of white women. Rates also decreased significantly for women in all age groups except those aged 50 years and older. In 2004, rates were highest in the Mid Atlantic (23.2 per 100,000) and South Atlantic (20.8 per 100,000) regions, where rates also significantly decreased.
Rates of HIV diagnoses remain disproportionately high for Hispanic women and especially for black women.
据估计，美国目前有36.1万人感染了艾滋病毒（非艾滋病），其中约29%为女性。
使用了1999年至2004年期间诊断出的所有成年及至少13岁青少年女性艾滋病毒病例的数据，这些数据来自33个采用基于姓名保密报告系统的州，并已上报给疾病控制与预防中心。按年龄组、种族和/或族裔、传播类别、诊断年份和地理区域分析了艾滋病毒诊断情况及每10万名女性中的发病率（95%置信区间）。
黑人女性的艾滋病毒年度估计诊断率显著下降，从2001年的82.7降至2004年的67.0，但仍是白人女性的21倍。除50岁及以上年龄组外，所有年龄组女性的发病率也显著下降。2004年，发病率最高的是大西洋中部地区（每10万人中23.2例）和南大西洋地区（每10万人中20.8例），这两个地区的发病率也显著下降。
西班牙裔女性尤其是黑人女性的艾滋病毒诊断率仍然高得不成比例。
