Perdelli Fernanda, Sartini Marina, Spagnolo Anna Maria, Dallera Maurizio, Lombardi Roberto, Cristina Maria Luisa
DISSAL, Sez. Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.
Am J Infect Control. 2006 Jun;34(5):264-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2005.12.004.
A total of 1,030 microbiological samples were taken in 3 hospital wards with different air-conditioning features: no conditioning system (ward A), a conditioning system equipped with minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) filters (ward B), and a conditioning system thoroughly maintained and equipped with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters (absolute) (ward C). The air in each ward was sampled, and the bacterial and fungal concentrations were determined by active and passive methods. The concentration of fungi on surfaces was also determined. Active sampling showed positive samples in wards A and B only, with average values of 0.50 colony-forming units (CFU)/m(3) (95% CI, 0.30 to 0.70) in A and 0.16 CFU/m(3) (95% CI, 0.13 to 0.20) in B. Passive sampling was positive only in ward A (mean, 0.14 CFU/cm(2)/h; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.15). Aspergillus was found in 27% and 22% of sampled surfaces in wards A and B, respectively, but in no samples from ward C. The most commonly found species was A. fumigatus (76% of cases in A and 34% of cases in B). The results show that the use of air-conditioning systems markedly reduces the concentration of aspergilli in the environment. Proper maintenance of these systems is clearly fundamental if their efficacy is to be ensured.
在3个具有不同空调特点的医院病房采集了总共1030份微生物样本：无空调系统（病房A）、配备最低效率报告值（MERV）过滤器的空调系统（病房B）以及维护良好且配备高效空气过滤器（绝对）的空调系统（病房C）。对每个病房的空气进行采样，并通过主动和被动方法测定细菌和真菌浓度。还测定了表面真菌的浓度。主动采样仅在病房A和B显示阳性样本，A病房的平均值为0.50菌落形成单位（CFU）/立方米（95%可信区间，0.30至0.70），B病房为0.16 CFU/立方米（95%可信区间，0.13至0.20）。被动采样仅在病房A呈阳性（平均值，0.14 CFU/平方厘米/小时；95%可信区间，0.13至0.15）。在病房A和B分别有27%和22%的采样表面发现曲霉菌，但病房C的样本中未发现。最常见的菌种是烟曲霉（A在76%的病例中，B在34%的病例中）。结果表明，使用空调系统可显著降低环境中曲霉菌的浓度。如果要确保这些系统的功效，对其进行适当维护显然至关重要。
