Hatzfeld Mechthild
Institute of Pathophysiology, Division of Pathobiochemistry, University of Halle, Hollystrasse 1, 06097 Halle, Germany.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Jan;1773(1):69-77. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.04.009. Epub 2006 May 6.
Plakophilins 1-3 are members of the p120(ctn) family of armadillo-related proteins. The plakophilins have been characterized as desmosomal proteins, whereas p120(ctn) and the closely related delta-catenin, ARVCF and p0071 associate with adherens junctions and play essential roles in stabilizing cadherin mediated adhesion. Recent evidence suggests that plakophilins are essential components of the desmosomal plaque where they interact with desmosomal cadherins as well as the cytoskeletal linker protein desmoplakin. Plakophilins stabilize desmosomal proteins at the plasma membrane and therefore may function in a manner similar to p120(ctn) in the adherens junctions. The three plakophilins reveal distinct expression patterns, and although partially redundant in their function, mediate distinct effects on desmosomal adhesion. Besides a structural role, a function in signaling has been postulated in analogy to other armadillo proteins such as beta-catenin. At least plakophilins 1 and 2 are also localized in the nucleus, and all three proteins occur in a cytoplasmic pool. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of plakophilin function in the context of cell adhesion, signaling and their putative role in diseases.
桥粒斑蛋白1 - 3是与犰狳相关蛋白的p120（连环蛋白）家族成员。桥粒斑蛋白被认为是桥粒蛋白，而p120（连环蛋白）以及与之密切相关的δ - 连环蛋白、ARVCF和p0071与黏着连接相关，并在稳定钙黏蛋白介导的黏附中发挥重要作用。最近的证据表明，桥粒斑蛋白是桥粒斑的重要组成部分，在那里它们与桥粒钙黏蛋白以及细胞骨架连接蛋白桥粒斑珠蛋白相互作用。桥粒斑蛋白在质膜上稳定桥粒蛋白，因此其功能可能与黏着连接中的p120（连环蛋白）类似。三种桥粒斑蛋白呈现出不同的表达模式，尽管它们的功能部分冗余，但对桥粒黏附产生不同的影响。除了结构作用外，与其他犰狳蛋白如β - 连环蛋白类似，推测其具有信号传导功能。至少桥粒斑蛋白1和2也定位于细胞核中，并且所有三种蛋白都存在于细胞质池中。本综述旨在总结目前关于桥粒斑蛋白在细胞黏附、信号传导方面的功能以及它们在疾病中的假定作用的知识。
