Yang Lixia, Krampe Ralf T, Baltes Paul B
Centre for Life-Span Psychology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Psychol Aging. 2006 Jun;21(2):372-8. doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.21.2.372.
To address the question of whether cognitive plasticity varies by age and level of cognitive functioning in the older population, the authors used a self-guided retest paradigm to assess the basic forms of plasticity of 34 young-olds (M=74.4 years, range=70-79) and 34 oldest-olds (M=84.0 years, range=80-91), with half in each age group screened for high or low (midrange) level of cognitive functioning. As a whole, members of the sample represent about the upper two thirds of their age cohorts. Results show persistent, though age-reduced, learning in all samples and across all tests. However, age is not differentially "kinder" to the more able with respect to the age-graded decline in learning.
为了解认知可塑性是否因老年人群的年龄和认知功能水平而异，作者采用了一种自主重测范式，评估了34名年轻老年人（M = 74.4岁，范围 = 70 - 79岁）和34名最年长老年人（M = 84.0岁，范围 = 80 - 91岁）可塑性的基本形式，每个年龄组中有一半被筛查出认知功能处于高或低（中等范围）水平。总体而言，样本成员约占其年龄队列中排名前两位的三分之二。结果显示，在所有样本和所有测试中都存在持续的学习现象，尽管随着年龄增长而有所减少。然而，在学习的年龄分级下降方面，年龄对能力较强者并没有表现出不同程度的“优待”。
