Park Sohyun, Johnson Mary Ann
Department of Foods and Nutrition, Faculty of Gerontology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2006 May;64(5 Pt 1):250-6. doi: 10.1301/nr.2006.may.250-256.
Methylmercury crosses the placenta and increases the risk of impaired neurodevelopment in the fetus. Federal guidelines for fish intake and fish advisories are in place to help people of all ages limit their exposure to mercury from fish. However, recent studies suggest that the awareness of fish advisories is low among women of childbearing age. Fish intake is strongly correlated with hair mercury concentrations. In women in states with fish advisories, hair mercury concentrations were 7-fold higher in women who consumed 20 or more servings of fish than in those who reported nofish consumption in the past 3 months (0.59 vs. 0.08 microg/g). Among this high fish consumption group, the 75th and 95th percentile of hair mercury concentrations were 0.99 and 2.29 microg/g, respectively. This is of concern because the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends that hair mercury be less than 1 microg/g. Public health campaigns to reduce mercury exposure need further refinement to reach women of childbearing age.
甲基汞可穿过胎盘，增加胎儿神经发育受损的风险。关于鱼类摄入量的联邦指南和鱼类消费建议已出台，以帮助各年龄段的人限制其从鱼类中接触汞的量。然而，最近的研究表明，育龄妇女对鱼类消费建议的知晓率较低。鱼类摄入量与头发中的汞浓度密切相关。在发布鱼类消费建议的州，过去3个月食用20份或更多份鱼类的女性，其头发汞浓度比那些报告未食用鱼类的女性高7倍（分别为0.59微克/克和0.08微克/克）。在这个高鱼类消费量群体中，头发汞浓度的第75百分位数和第95百分位数分别为0.99微克/克和2.29微克/克。这令人担忧，因为美国环境保护局（EPA）建议头发中的汞含量应低于1微克/克。减少汞接触的公共卫生运动需要进一步完善，以覆盖育龄妇女。
