Del Gobbo Liana C, Archbold Josephine A, Vanderlinden Loren D, Eckley Chris S, Diamond Miriam L, Robson Matthew
Environmental Protection Office, Toronto Public Health, Toronto, ON.
Can J Diet Pract Res. 2010 Spring;71(1):41-5. doi: 10.3148/71.1.2010.41.
Pregnant women's fish consumption provides both benefits and risks to the developing fetus. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish may enhance fetal neurodevelopment, while methylmercury (MeHg) can have detrimental effects. Dietitians would benefit from information on the frequency with which fish species may be consumed to increase DHA intake among Canadian women of childbearing age, and on minimizing the risks from MeHg, especially for those who consume fish frequently. Eighteen fish species were selected for DHA and mercury analysis from retail markets in the Toronto area. Consumption scenarios using analytical results for these fish species indicate that women of childbearing age can consume nine of 18 fish species every day (14 servings a week) or often (up to four servings a week) and remain below toxicological benchmarks for mercury. Moreover, women can also attain the recommended DHA level by consuming six of those nine fish: four 75-g servings of smelt, porgie, or bluefish a week, or two 75-g servings of milkfish, silver pomfret, or tilapia a day. Our analysis indicates that the DHA level recommended for childbearing women can be attained through fish consumption alone, without the need for supplementation and without posing a risk to the woman (or the fetus) from mercury.
孕妇食用鱼类对发育中的胎儿既有益处也有风险。鱼类中的二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）可能会促进胎儿神经发育，而甲基汞（MeHg）则可能产生有害影响。营养师若能获取相关信息，了解哪些鱼类可食用的频率能增加加拿大育龄妇女的DHA摄入量，以及如何将甲基汞的风险降至最低，尤其是对于那些经常食用鱼类的人，将大有裨益。从多伦多地区的零售市场选取了18种鱼类进行DHA和汞含量分析。利用这些鱼类的分析结果得出的食用方案表明，育龄妇女每天可食用18种鱼类中的9种（每周14份）或经常食用（每周最多4份），且汞含量仍低于毒理学基准。此外，通过食用这9种鱼类中的6种，女性也可以达到推荐的DHA水平：每周食用4份75克的胡瓜鱼、银鲈或竹荚鱼，或者每天食用2份75克的虱目鱼、白鲳或罗非鱼。我们的分析表明，仅通过食用鱼类就可以达到为育龄妇女推荐的DHA水平，无需额外补充，也不会对女性（或胎儿）造成汞中毒风险。
