Dhaka Ajay, Viswanath Veena, Patapoutian Ardem
Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2006;29:135-61. doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112958.
The abilities to sense environmental and internal temperatures are required for survival, both for maintenance of homeostasis and for avoidance of tissue-damaging noxious temperatures. Vertebrates can sense external physical stimuli via specialized classes of neurons in the peripheral nervous system that project to the skin. Temperature-sensitive neurons can be divided into two classes: innocuous thermosensors (warm or cool) and noxious thermonociceptors (hot or cold). ThermoTRPs, a subset of the transient receptor potential family of ion channels, which are expressed in sensory nerve endings and in skin, respond to distinct thermal thresholds. In this review, we examine the extent to which thermoTRPs are responsible for providing a molecular basis for thermal sensation.
感知环境温度和内部温度的能力是生存所必需的,这对于维持体内平衡以及避免组织受到有害温度的损伤都至关重要。脊椎动物能够通过外周神经系统中投射到皮肤的特定类型神经元来感知外部物理刺激。温度敏感神经元可分为两类:无害的温度传感器(温暖或凉爽)和有害的温度伤害感受器(热或冷)。瞬时受体电位(TRP)离子通道家族的一个子集——热TRP通道,在感觉神经末梢和皮肤中表达,对不同的热阈值做出反应。在这篇综述中,我们探讨了热TRP通道在多大程度上为热感觉提供分子基础。