Montcouquiol Mireille, Crenshaw E Bryan, Kelley Matthew W
Section on Developmental Neuroscience, NIDCD, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20982, USA.
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2006;29:363-86. doi: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.29.051605.112933.
The Wnt signaling pathway regulates multiple events in development and disease in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Recently, the noncanonical Wnt signaling cascades, those that do not signal through beta-catenin, have gained prominence for their role in the regulation of cellular polarity. It is not surprising that cellular polarization influences a number of different developmental events within the nervous system, including neurulation and neural tube closure, cellular migration, and uniform orientation of cells within an epithelial plane (planar cell polarity). In this review, we describe the differences between the canonical and noncanonical pathways, summarize recent data illustrating the roles of the noncanonical Wnt pathway in different polarizing events during neural development, and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms that underlie the generation of cellular asymmetry and polarity.
Wnt信号通路在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的发育及疾病过程中调控多种事件。最近，非经典Wnt信号级联反应，即那些不通过β-连环蛋白进行信号传导的反应，因其在细胞极性调控中的作用而备受关注。细胞极化影响神经系统内许多不同的发育事件，包括神经胚形成和神经管闭合、细胞迁移以及上皮平面内细胞的均匀定向（平面细胞极性），这并不奇怪。在本综述中，我们描述了经典和非经典通路之间的差异，总结了近期数据，这些数据阐明了非经典Wnt通路在神经发育过程中不同极化事件中的作用，并讨论了细胞不对称性和极性产生的潜在分子机制。
