Kyle Ursula G, Pichard Claude
Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006 Jul;9(4):388-94. doi: 10.1097/01.mco.0000232898.74415.42.
The tragic circumstances of the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945 created a unique opportunity to study the relation between exposure to prenatal famine and health in adult life. This review addresses the literature on the effects of maternal malnutrition during the different periods of gestation and childhood on health in adult life.
Exposure to famine during gestation resulted in increases in impaired glucose tolerance, obesity, coronary heart disease, atherogenic lipid profile, hypertension, microalbuminuria, schizophrenia, antisocial personality and affective disorders. Exposure to famine during childhood resulted in changes in reproductive function, earlier menopause, changes in insulin-like growth factor-I and increases in breast cancer.
Exposure to famine during gestation and childhood has life-long effects on health, and these effects vary depending on the timing of exposure as well as evolution of the recovery period.
1944 - 1945年荷兰饥荒寒冬的悲惨状况创造了一个独特的机会，用以研究产前暴露于饥荒与成年后健康之间的关系。本综述探讨了孕期不同阶段以及儿童期母亲营养不良对成年后健康影响的相关文献。
孕期暴露于饥荒会导致葡萄糖耐量受损、肥胖、冠心病、致动脉粥样硬化血脂谱、高血压、微量白蛋白尿、精神分裂症、反社会人格和情感障碍增加。儿童期暴露于饥荒会导致生殖功能改变、绝经提前、胰岛素样生长因子 - I变化以及乳腺癌发病率增加。
孕期和儿童期暴露于饥荒对健康具有终身影响，且这些影响因暴露时间以及恢复期的演变情况而异。
