Institute for Fetology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and Maternal and Children Hospital of Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Clinical Medicine, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China.
J Nutr Sci. 2024 Oct 28;13:e67. doi: 10.1017/jns.2024.57. eCollection 2024.
Perinatal malnutrition is a critical cause of diseases in offspring. Based on the different rates of organ development, we hypothesised that malnutrition at varying early life stages would have a differential impact on cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults. This study sought to assess the long-term impact of exposure to the 1959-1961 Great Chinese Famine (GCF) during early developmental periods on risks of cardiovascular diseases in the late middle-aged offspring. A total 6, 662 individuals, born between 1958 and 1964, were divided into six groups according to the birth date. The generalised line model was used to control age and estimate differences with 95% confidence interval (CI) in blood pressure. Binary logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between famine exposure and cardiovascular diseases. Compared to the unexposed late middle-aged persons, blood pressure was elevated in the entire gestation exposure group, regardless of postnatal exposure to GCF. Increased blood pressure was also found in the female offspring exposed to GCF during early and middle gestation. The early-childhood exposure was associated with the risk of bradycardia in the offspring. The risks of vertebral artery atherosclerosis were elevated in GCF famine-exposed groups except first trimester exposed group. The chronic influence of GCF in early life periods was specific to the developmental timing window, sexesand organs, suggesting an essential role of interactions among multiple factors and prenatal malnutrition in developmentally "programming" cardiovascular diseases.
围产期营养不良是导致后代疾病的一个重要原因。基于器官发育速度的不同，我们假设在生命早期的不同阶段发生营养不良，将对中年及以上人群的心血管疾病产生不同的影响。本研究旨在评估暴露于中国 1959-1961 年大饥荒（GCF）早期发育阶段对中老年后代心血管疾病风险的长期影响。共有 6662 名个体，出生于 1958 年至 1964 年之间，根据出生日期分为六组。使用广义线性模型来控制年龄，并估计血压的差异，置信区间（CI）为 95%。应用二元逻辑回归评估饥荒暴露与心血管疾病之间的关联。与未暴露的中老年个体相比，整个孕期暴露组的血压升高，而不论是否在出生后暴露于 GCF。在早期和中期妊娠期间暴露于 GCF 的女性后代中也发现血压升高。儿童早期暴露与后代心动过缓的风险相关。除了第一孕期暴露组外，GCF 饥荒暴露组的椎动脉粥样硬化风险增加。生命早期的 GCF 慢性影响具有特定的发育时间窗、性别和器官特异性，表明多种因素之间的相互作用和产前营养不良在发育“编程”心血管疾病方面发挥着重要作用。
