Kramer Milton, Glucksman Myron L
Maimonides Medical Center, USA.
J Am Acad Psychoanal Dyn Psychiatry. 2006 Summer;34(2):249-60. doi: 10.1521/jaap.2006.34.2.249.
Affect is central to our understanding of many processes, including dreams. The question has been raised as to whether it is the affective or narrative aspect of dreaming that is central to its development. The purpose of the study is to assess the frequency and valence of affect in the manifest content of dream reports of patients in analytic therapy and if affect is absent to assess the frequency and valence of affect in the associations to the dream reports without affect [MK1]. The presence and valence of affect was evaluated in the first and last manifest dream report of 24 patients who had completed psychoanalytic treatment. If no affect was found, the dream associations were examined for affect and valence. Affect was found in 58.3% of dream reports. The valence of affect in dream reports became more positive during the course of treatment from 19.2% in the first manifest dream report to 53.3% in the last. The associations to the dream reports without affect had affect 94.1% of the time. Affect was present in either the dream report or the associations to it 97.9% of the time. The positive change in affect is most likely the result of psychotherapeutic treatment, although the psychotropic medication 46% of the patients were on at the time of the last dream report and the passage of time may also be factors. The centrality of affect in dream formation and interpretation is supported if the view of the dream experience includes the associations to the dream report.
情感对于我们理解包括梦在内的许多过程至关重要。关于梦的发展，其核心究竟是情感方面还是叙事方面的问题已经被提出。本研究的目的是评估接受分析治疗的患者梦报告显性内容中情感的频率和效价，如果没有情感，则评估与无情感梦报告的联想中情感的频率和效价[MK1]。对24名完成精神分析治疗的患者的第一份和最后一份显性梦报告中的情感存在情况和效价进行了评估。如果未发现情感，则检查梦的联想中的情感和效价。在58.3%的梦报告中发现了情感。在治疗过程中，梦报告中情感的效价变得更加积极，从第一份显性梦报告中的19.2%增至最后一份中的53.3%。与无情感梦报告的联想在94.1%的时间里存在情感。情感出现在梦报告或其联想中的时间占97.9%。情感的积极变化很可能是心理治疗的结果，尽管在最后一份梦报告时46%的患者正在服用精神药物，而且时间的推移也可能是因素。如果对梦体验的看法包括与梦报告的联想，那么情感在梦的形成和解释中的核心地位就得到了支持。
