Raftopoulou E K, Dailianis S, Dimitriadis V K, Kaloyianni M
Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
Sci Total Environ. 2006 Sep 15;368(2-3):597-614. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.031. Epub 2006 Jun 15.
The results of the present study suggest that the signaling molecule cAMP could constitute a reliable biomarker of pollution monitoring. Increased levels of cAMP were observed in tissues of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to PAHs, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and lindane for 15 days. cAMP levels were higher in mantle/gonad complex, in relation to other tissues studied (digestive gland and gills). In support of our suggestion, cAMP was significantly correlated with established biomarkers, such as lysosomal membrane stability, AChE activity and metallothionein content. In addition, our results support the establishment of morphometrical alterations of neutral lipids as biomarker of organic pollution, since high accumulation of neutral lipids in the digestive gland of mussels exposed to organic pollutants in relation to non-exposed mussels was noted. In addition, correlation analysis between cellular and biochemical biomarkers showed that the volume density of neutral lipids negatively correlated with both lysosomal membrane stability and AChE activity. Regarding micronucleus test, our results do not support its use as a biomarker of organic pollution, since no statistical differences were found between control and exposed mussels. On the other hand, significant correlations were observed among the battery of biomarkers, such as lysosomal membrane stability, AChE activity and metallothionein content after the mussels' exposure to the specific organic compounds, thus supporting the important role of these biomarkers as reliable indicators of organic pollution. In conclusion, our results support cAMP and morphometrical alterations of neutral lipids as biomarkers of environmental pollution.
本研究结果表明，信号分子环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）可构成污染监测的可靠生物标志物。在暴露于多环芳烃、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸和林丹15天的地中海贻贝组织中，观察到cAMP水平升高。与其他研究组织（消化腺和鳃）相比，外套膜/性腺复合体中的cAMP水平更高。支持我们观点的是，cAMP与已确立的生物标志物显著相关，如溶酶体膜稳定性、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性和金属硫蛋白含量。此外，我们的结果支持将中性脂质的形态计量学改变确立为有机污染的生物标志物，因为与未暴露的贻贝相比，暴露于有机污染物的贻贝消化腺中中性脂质的积累量很高。此外，细胞和生化生物标志物之间的相关性分析表明，中性脂质的体积密度与溶酶体膜稳定性和AChE活性均呈负相关。关于微核试验，我们的结果不支持将其用作有机污染的生物标志物，因为在对照贻贝和暴露贻贝之间未发现统计学差异。另一方面，在贻贝暴露于特定有机化合物后，观察到一系列生物标志物之间存在显著相关性，如溶酶体膜稳定性、AChE活性和金属硫蛋白含量，从而支持了这些生物标志物作为有机污染可靠指标的重要作用。总之，我们的结果支持将cAMP和中性脂质的形态计量学改变作为环境污染的生物标志物。
