Olivier N, Legrand R, Rogez J, Berthoin S, Weissland T
Service rééducation, polyclinique de Riaumont, rue Entre-Deux-Monts, 62800 Liévin, France.
Ann Readapt Med Phys. 2006 Nov;49(8):589-94. doi: 10.1016/j.annrmp.2006.04.026. Epub 2006 May 24.
The aim of this study was to analyze changes in cardiorespiratory fitness of athletes who had surgery following a lesion of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee.
Two groups of 12 athletes at the regional level underwent surgical repair to rebuild the external anterior crossed ligament of the knee (central third bone patellar tendon bone autograft and doubled semitendinosus/doubled gracilis autograft techniques). All subjects were evaluated before and after surgery within 7 days: the first group underwent maximal incremental tests with the upper limbs, and the second group measurement of resting cardiac volumes.
Surgery followed by a few days of confinement generated a quick and significant reduction in the maximal oxygen consumption (-7%, P<0.05) and peak aerobic power (-8%, P<0.05). End diastolic volume and stroke volume were reduced, by 23% and 27% respectively (P<0.05). A significant reduction of ejection fraction was also observed (P<0.05). The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 65% before the surgery 60% after 7 days' of hospitalization.
In sportsmen, 7 days of hospitalization due to surgery of the knee led to resting cardiac unsuitability characterized by a significant reduction in the stroke volume. These elements could involve decreased aerobic fitness and should encourage the hospital practitioner to propose a program of aerobic training in addition to conventional rehabilitation.
本研究旨在分析前交叉韧带损伤后接受手术的运动员心肺功能的变化。
两组各12名地区级运动员接受手术修复以重建膝关节前交叉韧带（中央三分之一髌腱骨自体移植和双股半腱肌/双股股薄肌自体移植技术）。所有受试者在手术前后7天内接受评估：第一组进行上肢最大递增测试，第二组测量静息心腔容积。
手术后几天的限制活动导致最大耗氧量迅速且显著降低（-7%，P<0.05）和峰值有氧功率降低（-8%，P<0.05）。舒张末期容积和每搏输出量分别降低了23%和27%（P<0.05）。还观察到射血分数显著降低（P<0.05）。术前平均左心室射血分数为65%，住院7天后为60%。
在运动员中，因膝关节手术住院7天导致静息心脏功能不适应，其特征为每搏输出量显著降低。这些因素可能导致有氧适能下降，应促使医院从业者除了进行传统康复治疗外，还应提出有氧训练计划。
