Amlang M H, Zwipp H
Klinik für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden.
Chirurg. 2006 Jul;77(7):637-49, quiz 649. doi: 10.1007/s00104-006-1205-4.
The etiology and mechanisms of Achilles, patellar and quadriceps tendon ruptures are very similar. Age dependent changes in tendon structure and disorders such gout, diabetes, rheumatic diseases and chronic renal failure are associated causes. The main mechanism of rupture is indirect trauma. Although clinical diagnosis is easy, ruptures are still frequently missed. Sonography is the main standard diagnostic tool. MRI is indicated only in special cases. Open operative repair is the most common treatment for quadriceps and patellar tendon ruptures. Treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures is moving towards an individualized choice of therapy. Percutaneous and other "minimally invasive" techniques will play an increasingly important role.
跟腱、髌腱和股四头肌肌腱断裂的病因及机制非常相似。肌腱结构的年龄依赖性变化以及痛风、糖尿病、风湿性疾病和慢性肾衰竭等病症是相关病因。断裂的主要机制是间接创伤。尽管临床诊断容易,但断裂仍常被漏诊。超声检查是主要的标准诊断工具。仅在特殊情况下才使用磁共振成像(MRI)。开放手术修复是股四头肌和髌腱断裂最常见的治疗方法。跟腱断裂的治疗正朝着个体化治疗选择发展。经皮和其他“微创”技术将发挥越来越重要的作用。