Buison Anne M, Ittenbach Richard F, Stallings Virginia A, Zemel Babette S
Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Am J Hum Biol. 2006 Jul-Aug;18(4):470-80. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.20515.
Increases in childhood obesity have emphasized the importance of accurate and accessible body composition assessment, especially in monitoring prevention and treatment efforts. Previous pediatric studies, comparing measures from air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and anthropometry (ANTH, skinfold measures), were performed in small numbers of children or in children across large age and body-size ranges. The objectives of this study were: 1) to compare body fat percentage (%BF), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) from ADP with DXA and ANTH, to determine the agreement between techniques; 2) to identify factors that influence agreement or lack of agreement; and 3) to determine if the agreement is constant over a range of body fatness. Healthy children (n = 125), 7-10 years old, participating in a longitudinal pediatric bone health study, were evaluated. Body composition was assessed by ADP, DXA, and ANTH to determine %BF, FM, and FFM. ADP underestimated %BF compared to DXA and ANTH by 5.0% and 1.4%, respectively. Agreement between techniques was influenced by body fatness, height, age, and gender (all P < 0.05). Relatively good agreement was observed between ADP and both DXA and ANTH for FM and FFM. In conclusion, the underestimation of %BF by ADP compared to DXA may be of a magnitude that is clinically significant, especially when using %BF in children to confirm a diagnosis of obesity. Further development of body-composition techniques for young children need to account for variability in age, gender, and level of fatness.
儿童肥胖率的上升凸显了准确且可及的身体成分评估的重要性，尤其是在监测预防和治疗效果方面。以往的儿科研究将空气置换体积描记法（ADP）、双能X线吸收法（DXA）和人体测量法（ANTH，皮褶测量）所得的测量结果进行比较，这些研究的受试儿童数量较少，或者受试儿童的年龄跨度和体型范围较大。本研究的目的是：1）比较ADP与DXA和ANTH测得的体脂百分比（%BF）、脂肪量（FM）和去脂体重（FFM），以确定各技术之间的一致性；2）识别影响一致性或缺乏一致性的因素；3）确定在一系列体脂水平上一致性是否恒定。对参与一项纵向儿科骨骼健康研究的125名7至10岁健康儿童进行了评估。通过ADP、DXA和ANTH评估身体成分，以确定%BF、FM和FFM。与DXA和ANTH相比，ADP分别低估%BF 5.0%和1.4%。技术之间的一致性受体脂水平、身高、年龄和性别的影响（所有P<0.05）。在FM和FFM方面，ADP与DXA和ANTH之间观察到相对较好的一致性。总之，与DXA相比，ADP对%BF的低估幅度可能具有临床意义，尤其是在使用%BF来确诊儿童肥胖时。针对幼儿的身体成分技术的进一步发展需要考虑年龄、性别和脂肪水平的变异性。
