Ratner Pamela A, Tzianetas Roula, Tu Andrew W, Johnson Joy L, Mackay Martha, Buller Christopher E, Rowlands Maureen, Reime Birgit
Nursing and Health Behaviour Research Unit, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, 302-6190 Agronomy Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006 Jul;60(7):606-15. doi: 10.1136/jech.2005.037952.
To find out if gender and ethnicity are associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) symptom recognition and the recommendation of enlisting emergency medical services.
In an experiment, a random sample of the public was provided a scenario of a person experiencing symptoms of AMI; the gender of the character (male, female, or indeterminate) was manipulated.
Vancouver, Canada
976 people from a population based random sample of 3419 people, 40 years of age and older, participated in a telephone survey given in English, Cantonese, Mandarin, and Punjabi.
78% of the respondents identified the symptoms as heart related. Unadjusted analyses showed that ethnicity, education, income, and AMI knowledge were significantly associated with symptom recognition (Chinese respondents were least likely to identify the symptoms as heart related). Thirty seven per cent recommended calling emergency services, which was associated with symptom recognition, ethnicity (Chinese respondents were least likely to make the recommendation), AMI knowledge, having an immediate family member with AMI, and having talked with a health professional about the signs and symptoms of AMI. Neither the gender of the respondent nor of the affected person in the scenario was associated with symptom recognition.
Heart health education must be targeted to and tailored for ethnic communities. Health professionals must discuss the signs and symptoms of AMI, and the correct course of action, with their patients.
探究性别和种族与急性心肌梗死（AMI）症状识别以及呼叫紧急医疗服务建议之间的关联。
在一项实验中，向公众随机抽取的样本提供一个有人出现急性心肌梗死症状的场景；对该角色的性别（男性、女性或未明确性别）进行操控。
加拿大温哥华
从3419名40岁及以上人群的基于人群的随机样本中选取的976人，参与了以英语、粤语、普通话和旁遮普语进行的电话调查。
78%的受访者将这些症状识别为与心脏有关。未经调整的分析表明，种族、教育程度、收入和急性心肌梗死知识与症状识别显著相关（华裔受访者最不可能将症状识别为与心脏有关）。37%的人建议呼叫紧急服务，这与症状识别、种族（华裔受访者最不可能提出此建议）、急性心肌梗死知识、有直系亲属患急性心肌梗死以及曾与健康专业人员讨论过急性心肌梗死的体征和症状有关。受访者的性别以及场景中患者的性别均与症状识别无关。
心脏健康教育必须针对不同种族群体并为其量身定制。健康专业人员必须与患者讨论急性心肌梗死的体征和症状以及正确的行动方案。
