Nikolov Roumen, Jonker Jacob, Scahill Lawrence
Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2006 May;28 Suppl 1:S39-46. doi: 10.1590/s1516-44462006000500006. Epub 2006 Jun 12.
Autistic disorder and the group of related conditions defined as pervasive developmental disorders are chronic neurodevelopmental disorders starting in early childhood and affecting a significant number of children and families. Although the causes and much of the pathophysiology of the disorder remain unknown, in recent years a number of available medication treatments have been identified as holding promise in alleviating some of the most disabling maladaptive behaviors, associated with pervasive developmental disorders. However these treatments do not address the core symptoms of the disease and oftentimes their side effects outweigh their benefits. Therefore there is substantial need for new medications that are safer and more effective in addressing the behavior symptoms of autism. The aim of this review is to highlight the available current pharmacotherapies and those emerging treatments with potential to enhance the treatment options of patients with pervasive developmental disorders.
自闭症谱系障碍及相关的广泛性发育障碍是始于幼儿期的慢性神经发育障碍，影响着大量儿童及其家庭。尽管该疾病的病因及大部分病理生理学机制仍不明，但近年来已确定一些现有药物治疗有望减轻与广泛性发育障碍相关的一些最具致残性的适应不良行为。然而，这些治疗方法并未针对该疾病的核心症状，而且其副作用往往超过其益处。因此，迫切需要更安全、更有效地治疗自闭症行为症状的新药物。本综述的目的是强调目前可用的药物疗法以及那些有可能增加广泛性发育障碍患者治疗选择的新兴疗法。
