Komori Toshihisa
Department of Developmental and Reconstructive Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan.
J Cell Biochem. 2006 Dec 1;99(5):1233-9. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20958.
Runx2, osterix, and beta-catenin are essential for osteoblast differentiation. Runx2 directs multipotent mesenchymal cells to an osteoblastic lineage, and inhibits them from differentiating into the adipocytic and chondrocytic lineages. After differentiating to preosteoblasts, beta-catenin, osterix, and Runx2 direct them to immature osteoblasts, which produce bone matrix proteins, blocking their potential to differentiate into the chondrocytic lineage. Runx2 inhibits osteoblast maturation and the transition into osteocytes, keeping osteoblasts in an immature stage. Other transcription factors including Msx1, Msx2, Dlx5, Dlx6, Twist, AP1(Fos/Jun), Knox-20, Sp3, and ATF4 are also involved in osteoblast differentiation. To gain an understanding of bone development, it is important to position these transcription factors to the right places in the processes of osteoblast differentiation.
Runx2、osterix和β-连环蛋白对于成骨细胞分化至关重要。Runx2引导多能间充质细胞进入成骨细胞谱系，并抑制它们分化为脂肪细胞和软骨细胞谱系。在分化为前成骨细胞后，β-连环蛋白、osterix和Runx2引导它们成为产生骨基质蛋白的未成熟成骨细胞，阻止它们分化为软骨细胞谱系的潜力。Runx2抑制成骨细胞成熟和向骨细胞的转变，使成骨细胞处于未成熟阶段。其他转录因子，包括Msx1、Msx2、Dlx5、Dlx6、Twist、AP1（Fos/Jun）、Knox-20、Sp3和ATF4也参与成骨细胞分化。为了了解骨骼发育，将这些转录因子定位到成骨细胞分化过程中的正确位置很重要。
