Kansas Neurological Institute.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Spring;2(1):55-64. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-55.
Operant conditioning procedures were applied to two retardates to establish receptive auditory plurals: correct pointing to single or paired objects was reinforced after hearing singular or plural labels. This training proceeded until an errorless (generative) criterion of correct performance was achieved. Unreinforced probes measuring expressive use of singulars and plurals were interspersed in this receptive training. Neither subject generalized from this receptive training to expressive plurals, in that each used singulars when labeling pairs. Then, both subjects were directly trained in conventional expressive plurals to an errorless (generative) criterion. The previous design was then repeated, but the receptive repertoire was reversed: pointing at pairs in response to singular labels was reinforced, and vice-versa. Unreinforced probes of expressive plural usage again showed its independence of the current receptive repertoire in that conventional (unreversed) plural usage was displayed. Thus, the independence of the expressive repertoire (even when unreinforced) from the reinforced patterns of the receptive repertoire was demonstrated.
操作条件作用程序被应用于两个智力落后者，以建立接受性听觉复数：在听到单数或复数标签后，正确指向单个或成对的物体被强化。这种训练一直进行到达到无错误（生成性）的正确表现标准。在这种接受性训练中穿插了测量单数和复数表达使用的无强化探针。两个受试者都没有从这种接受性训练中泛化到表达复数，因为每个受试者在标记对时都使用单数。然后，两个受试者都被直接训练到无错误（生成性）的标准，以表达复数。然后重复了之前的设计，但接受性曲目被颠倒了：对单数标签的配对反应进行强化，反之亦然。对表达复数用法的无强化探针再次表明，它独立于当前的接受性曲目，因为显示了常规（未反转）复数用法。因此，表达曲目（即使在未强化的情况下）的独立性是从接受曲目强化模式中证明的。
