University of Minnesota.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1978 Fall;11(3):357-62. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1978.11-357.
Without internal validity, experimental data are uninterpretable. With intensive designs, most methods presented to quantify a design's internal validity have been subject to criticism. A probabilistic model of intensive designs is presented that demonstrates the high degree of internal validity of these designs without relying on adaptations from traditional inferential statistics. Where the experimenter is able to conform to the restrictions of the model, the equations provide an estimation of internal validity for either reversal or multiple-baseline designs. More importantly, the model provides mathematical bases for some of the common recommendations and design considerations in intensive research (such as the desirability of within-subject replications and of four or more multiple baselines).
如果没有内部有效性，实验数据就无法解释。对于强化设计，大多数用于量化设计内部有效性的方法都受到了批评。本文提出了一种强化设计的概率模型，该模型无需依赖传统推理统计学的改编，就证明了这些设计具有高度的内部有效性。如果实验者能够符合模型的限制，那么这些方程就可以为反转或多基线设计提供内部有效性的估计。更重要的是，该模型为强化研究中的一些常见建议和设计考虑提供了数学基础（例如，在个体内重复和四个或更多多基线的可取性）。
