Nikolić-Balkoski Gordana, Pavlicević Vesna, Jasović-Gasić Miroslava, Leposavić Ljubica, Milovanović Srdan, Lasković Nada
Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
Psychiatr Danub. 2006 Jun;18(1-2):48-54.
There are very few investigations about sex differences in suicide which include some other variables (e.g. age, profession etc). Data which concern suicide sex differences are obscure and usually are given in statistical accounts of causes of death. The aim of our study was to investigate sex differences in realized suicides within the city of Belgrade during the last eight year period. Data was taken from the index records of suicide in the city of Belgrade held at the Institute for Informatics and Statistics. We took sex as the main observed variable, and analyzed nine other variables as related to sex. Statistical analysis was done by using the crude specific rate. The variability of the rate was estimated by computing a confidence interval. The results of our study gave the profile of males and females who committed suicide in Belgrade in the period of the last eight years. Although there were significant quantitative differences, the female/male profile of completed suicides is similar, and differs only in the method of suicide: both males and females choose hanging, drowning and suffocation as the most common method of suicide, while poisoning is on the second most common method chosen by females and firearms the second most common method for males. The frequency of suicide, in both sexes, showed a tendency to decrease over the observed period (the highest suicide rate was in 2000- females 9.7, males 19.7, and the lowest in 2004- females 4.5 males 9.1). Male to female suicide rate ratio was 2 to 1. Sex differences were registered in all of the observed nine variables.
关于自杀方面性别差异的研究极少，这些研究还纳入了一些其他变量（如年龄、职业等）。涉及自杀性别差异的数据模糊不清，通常仅在死因统计报告中有所提及。我们研究的目的是调查过去八年里贝尔格莱德市已发生的自杀事件中的性别差异。数据取自贝尔格莱德市信息与统计研究所保存的自杀索引记录。我们将性别作为主要观测变量，并分析了与性别相关的其他九个变量。采用粗比率进行统计分析。通过计算置信区间来估计比率的变异性。我们的研究结果呈现了过去八年里在贝尔格莱德自杀的男性和女性的概况。尽管存在显著的数量差异，但自杀既遂的女性/男性概况相似，仅在自杀方式上有所不同：男性和女性都选择上吊、溺水和窒息作为最常见的自杀方式，而中毒是女性选择的第二常见方式，枪支则是男性选择的第二常见方式。在观察期内，两性的自杀频率均呈下降趋势（2000年自杀率最高——女性为9.7，男性为19.7；2004年最低——女性为4.5，男性为9.1）。男女自杀率之比为2比1。在所有观测的九个变量中均记录到了性别差异。
