Menza M A, Grossman N, Van Horn M, Cody R, Forman N
Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson University Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0019.
Biol Psychiatry. 1991 Jul 15;30(2):109-15. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(91)90163-g.
Previous studies have suggested that tardive dyskinesia may occur more frequently in patients who smoke. Further evidence of an interaction between smoking and movement disorders includes the low lifetime exposure to cigarettes found in Parkinson's disease patients. In this study 126 patients with chronic psychiatric illnesses were blindly evaluated for tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism, and akathisia. Patients who smoked received significantly higher doses of neuroleptics but did not have significantly more frequent or more severe tardive dyskinesia or parkinsonism. Female smokers did have significantly more akathisia. These results are discussed with regard to interactions between smoking, central dopaminergic tone, and the psychopathology of extrapyramidal syndromes. The effect of smoking on neuroleptic blood levels as well as clinical symptomatology is also discussed.
先前的研究表明，迟发性运动障碍在吸烟患者中可能更频繁地出现。吸烟与运动障碍之间相互作用的进一步证据包括帕金森病患者终生吸烟量较低。在本研究中，对126例慢性精神疾病患者进行了迟发性运动障碍、抗精神病药物所致帕金森综合征和静坐不能的盲法评估。吸烟的患者接受的抗精神病药物剂量明显更高，但迟发性运动障碍或帕金森综合征的发生频率或严重程度并没有明显更高。女性吸烟者的静坐不能确实明显更多。就吸烟、中枢多巴胺能张力和锥体外系综合征的精神病理学之间的相互作用对这些结果进行了讨论。还讨论了吸烟对抗精神病药物血药浓度以及临床症状的影响。
