Martineau Magalie, Baux Gérard, Mothet Jean-Pierre
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Morphofonctionnelle, INSERM U378, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33077 Bordeaux, France.
Trends Neurosci. 2006 Aug;29(8):481-91. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2006.06.008. Epub 2006 Jun 30.
Neurons and glia talk to each other at synapses. Glia sense the level of synaptic activity and consequently regulate its efficacy via the release of neuromodulators. One such glia-derived modulator is D-serine, an amino acid that serves as an endogenous ligand for the strychnine-insensitive glycine-binding site of NMDA glutamate receptors. Here, we provide an overview of recent findings on the mechanisms of its synthesis, release and clearance at synapses, with an emphasis on the dichotomy of behaviour of this novel messenger in the brain. The discovery of the good and ugly faces of this gliotransmitter is an important issue of modern neuroscience that has repercussions for the treatment of brain disorders.
神经元和神经胶质细胞在突触处相互交流。神经胶质细胞感知突触活动水平，并通过释放神经调质来调节其效能。一种这样的源自神经胶质细胞的调质是D-丝氨酸，它是一种氨基酸，作为NMDA谷氨酸受体对士的宁不敏感的甘氨酸结合位点的内源性配体。在这里，我们概述了其在突触处的合成、释放和清除机制的最新研究发现，重点关注这种新型信使在大脑中行为的二分法。这种神经胶质递质好坏两面的发现是现代神经科学的一个重要问题，对脑部疾病的治疗有影响。
