Uetrecht Andrea C, Bear James E
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2006 Aug;16(8):421-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2006.06.002. Epub 2006 Jun 27.
Coronins are highly conserved regulators of the actin cytoskeleton whose structure and biological function have remained mysterious until recently. They were originally identified in Dictyostelium, where they localize to actin-rich crown-like structures on the dorsal surface of cells. Coronins bind filamentous actin and the Arp2/3 complex and are involved in modulating actin dynamics. Unlike other known Arp2/3-binding proteins, coronins inhibit Arp2/3 nucleating activity. Genetic data from Dictyostelium, yeast and Drosophila indicate that coronins are important regulators of several actin-dependent physiological processes. Here, we review recent insights into mammalian coronin structure, function and regulation and identify key questions that remain unanswered in this field.
冠蛋白是肌动蛋白细胞骨架的高度保守调节因子,直到最近其结构和生物学功能一直成谜。它们最初在盘基网柄菌中被鉴定出来,在那里它们定位于细胞背表面富含肌动蛋白的冠状结构。冠蛋白结合丝状肌动蛋白和Arp2/3复合体,并参与调节肌动蛋白动力学。与其他已知的Arp2/3结合蛋白不同,冠蛋白抑制Arp2/3的成核活性。来自盘基网柄菌、酵母和果蝇的遗传数据表明,冠蛋白是几种肌动蛋白依赖性生理过程的重要调节因子。在这里,我们综述了关于哺乳动物冠蛋白结构、功能和调节的最新见解,并确定了该领域仍未得到解答的关键问题。