对称和非对称转换延迟对并发性能的影响。
Effects of symmetrical and asymmetrical changeover delays on concurrent performances.
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1971 Sep;16(2):249-56. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1971.16-249.
Two variable-interval 3-min schedules functioned concurrently to arrange reinforcement of a pigeon's pecks on a single key, the main key. Each schedule was associated with a distinct color of the main key; a response on a second key alternated the color and schedule assignment of the main key. A changeover delay, a period of time following schedule and key-color alternation during which reinforcement of responding on the main key could not occur, was arranged with equal or with unequal durations for the two directions of alternation. Durations were varied from 0.33 sec to 27 sec, in addition to no delay. With equal delays for the two directions of alternation, the pigeon alternated the schedules less often the larger the delay duration. When the delays in the two directions of alternation were unequal, it could be shown that alternation of the schedules was reduced both by a delay just incurred by the last alternation and by a. delay to be incurred by the next. The latter delay was more potent in reducing the frequency of alternations.
两种变时距 3 分钟时距程序同时运作，安排鸽子啄一个主键的反应得到强化，每次程序都与主键的一种特定颜色相关联；啄第二个键的反应交替主键的颜色和程序安排。转换延迟是指在程序和主键颜色交替之后的一段时间内，不能对主键上的反应进行强化，对于两个交替方向，转换延迟的持续时间相等或不相等。除了无延迟外，延迟时间从 0.33 秒到 27 秒不等。在两个交替方向的延迟时间相等的情况下，延迟时间越大，鸽子交替程序的频率就越低。当两个交替方向的延迟时间不相等时，可以证明，不仅最后一次交替时产生的延迟，而且下一次要产生的延迟都会减少程序的交替。后者的延迟对减少交替的频率更有效。
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