极端选择的定量分析。
A quantitative analysis of extreme choice.
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1995 Sep;64(2):147-62. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1995.64-147.
Six homing pigeons were trained on a variety of concurrent variable-interval schedules in a switching-key procedure. Unlike previous work, reinforcer ratios of up to 160 to 1 and concurrent extinction variable-interval schedules were arranged in order to investigate choice when reinforcer-frequency outcomes were extremely different. The data obtained over 11 conditions were initially analyzed according to the generalized matching law, which fitted the data well. The generalized matching law was then fitted only to conditions in which the reinforcer ratios were between 1 to 10 and 10 to 1. The deviations of choice measures from the other four more extreme reinforcer-ratio conditions were significantly more towards equal choice than predicted by this second generalized matching fit. A contingency-discriminability model, which predicts such deviations, described the data more effectively than did the generalized matching law, and also correctly predicted the maintenance of responding on both alternatives when one was associated with extinction.
六只家鸽在一个切换键程序中接受了各种同时的可变间隔时间表的训练。与之前的工作不同，我们安排了高达 160 比 1 的强化比率和同时的灭绝可变间隔时间表，以便在强化频率结果非常不同时进行选择。在 11 种条件下获得的数据最初根据广义匹配律进行分析，该定律很好地拟合了数据。然后，仅对强化比率在 1 比 10 和 10 比 1 之间的条件进行广义匹配律拟合。选择措施与其他四个更极端强化比率条件的偏差明显更倾向于均等选择，而不是由这第二种广义匹配拟合预测的那样。一种可以预测这种偏差的连续可辨别性模型，比广义匹配律更有效地描述了数据，并且当一个选择与灭绝相关时，它还正确地预测了对两个选择的反应的维持。
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