McQuillan R, Campbell Harry
Public Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK.
Public Health. 2006 Aug;120(8):732-41. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2006.02.011. Epub 2006 Jul 3.
To investigate patterns of adolescent home/leisure injury serious enough to require hospital attendance.
Population-based analysis of data collected by the Home and Leisure Accident Surveillance System (HASS/LASS).
Study subjects were 0-17 year old residents of Airdrie and Coatbridge, Lanarkshire, Scotland, who attended Monklands Hospital Accident and Emergency (A&E) Department with a home/leisure injury during calendar years 1996-1999. Male to female relative risk ratios (M:F RRRs) for A&E attendance, fracture and hospital admission, stratified into sports and non-sports injuries, were calculated. Sports injuries were further analysed by specific sports and by whether the sports activity was organized or informal. Data were analysed in age groups corresponding to children's stage of schooling.
The M:F RRR for non-sports A&E attendances remained constant throughout childhood (1.35, 95% CI 1.30-1.39 in 0-17 year olds), whilst that for sports attendances increased sharply with age (2.50, 95% CI 0.89-7.02 in 0-4 year olds, increasing to 8.11, 95% CI 6.27-10.51 in 16-17 year olds). Of sports injury attendances, 50.3% were football-related. Football was overwhelmingly the main cause of boys' sports injury in both the organized and informal sports injury categories. When football injuries were excluded from the analysis, the widening teenage gender gap in injury risk disappeared. There was no significant gender difference in teenagers' rates of A&E attendance for injuries sustained during compulsory school physical education (PE), suggesting a dose-response relationship between sports participation and injury risk.
This study found significant gender inequalities in adolescent injury risk, which were largely attributable to boys' football injuries. Focusing prevention efforts on making football safer would, then, be a sensible strategy for reducing the overall burden of adolescent injury and for reducing sex inequalities in injury risk; however further research is needed to understand how the risks differ between organized and informal football. These findings are also interesting because of what they suggest about teenage girls' lack of participation in sport and habitual physical activity. This is clearly of public health concern because of the links between physical inactivity and a range of health problems.
调查严重到需要住院治疗的青少年家庭/休闲伤害模式。
基于人群对家庭和休闲事故监测系统（HASS/LASS）收集的数据进行分析。
研究对象为苏格兰拉纳克郡艾德里和科特布里奇的0至17岁居民，他们在1996 - 1999年期间因家庭/休闲伤害到蒙克兰兹医院事故与急救（A&E）部门就诊。计算了因到A&E就诊、骨折和住院的男女性相对风险比（M:F RRRs），并按运动和非运动伤害进行分层。运动伤害进一步按具体运动项目以及运动活动是有组织的还是非正式的进行分析。数据按与儿童上学阶段对应的年龄组进行分析。
非运动类A&E就诊的M:F RRR在整个儿童期保持恒定（0至17岁人群中为1.35，95%置信区间1.30 - 1.39），而运动类就诊的M:F RRR随年龄急剧增加（0至4岁人群中为2.50，95%置信区间0.89 - 7.02，在16至17岁人群中增至8.11，95%置信区间6.27 - 10.51）。在运动伤害就诊中，50.3%与足球相关。在有组织和非正式运动伤害类别中，足球压倒性地是男孩运动伤害的主要原因。当分析中排除足球伤害时，青少年伤害风险中不断扩大的性别差距消失。在义务教育阶段体育课期间受伤到A&E就诊的青少年发生率中，不存在显著性别差异，这表明运动参与与伤害风险之间存在剂量反应关系。
本研究发现青少年伤害风险存在显著性别不平等，这在很大程度上归因于男孩的足球伤害。因此，将预防工作重点放在使足球更安全上，将是减轻青少年伤害总体负担以及减少伤害风险中性别不平等的明智策略；然而，需要进一步研究以了解有组织和非正式足球运动的风险差异。这些发现也很有趣，因为它们揭示了少女缺乏参与体育运动和习惯性身体活动的情况。鉴于身体活动不足与一系列健康问题之间的联系，这显然是一个公共卫生问题。
