Mohanty Srujana, Singhal Ritu, Sood Seema, Dhawan Benu, Kapil Arti, Das Bimal K
Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
J Infect. 2007 Jan;54(1):58-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2006.01.015. Epub 2006 Jun 30.
This prospective study was carried out to look for the frequency of isolation of Citrobacter species from clinical specimens and study their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.
Patients from whom Citrobacter species were isolated during routine diagnostic testing from January to December 2004 were included in the study. Isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method as per National Committee of Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) guidelines.
Citrobacter species were isolated from a total of 205 patients. Infection was nosocomially acquired in 94.6% patients. One hundred eighty one (88.3%) patients had significant underlying illnesses. Culture yielded Citrobacter koseri in 185 (90.2%) and Citrobacter freundii in 20 (9.8%) patients. The distribution of isolates was as follows: urine (46.2%), respiratory tract (16.3%), blood (15.8%), pus (12.1%) and sterile body fluids (9.3%). Drug resistance was observed to be more in C. koseri as compared to C. freundii.
Citrobacter infections are often nosocomially acquired, seen in patients with significant underlying diseases and isolates are commonly drug-resistant. Adoption of hospital infection control practices and a good antibiotic policy may prevent their spread.
开展这项前瞻性研究以查找临床标本中柠檬酸杆菌属的分离频率，并研究其抗菌药敏模式。
纳入2004年1月至12月常规诊断检测期间分离出柠檬酸杆菌属的患者。通过标准生化试验鉴定分离株。按照美国国家临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）指南，采用纸片扩散法进行抗菌药敏试验。
共从205例患者中分离出柠檬酸杆菌属。94.6%的患者感染为医院获得性。181例（88.3%）患者有严重基础疾病。培养结果显示，185例（90.2%）患者分离出柯氏柠檬酸杆菌，20例（9.8%）患者分离出弗氏柠檬酸杆菌。分离株的分布如下：尿液（46.2%）、呼吸道（16.3%）、血液（15.8%）、脓液（12.1%）和无菌体液（9.3%）。观察到柯氏柠檬酸杆菌的耐药性高于弗氏柠檬酸杆菌。
柠檬酸杆菌感染通常为医院获得性，见于有严重基础疾病的患者，且分离株通常耐药。采用医院感染控制措施和良好的抗生素政策可能预防其传播。
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