Toprak Omer, Cirit Mustafa
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2372, USA.
Ren Fail. 2006;28(5):365-81. doi: 10.1080/08860220600683524.
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as well as increased costs for medical care, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure. A key step to safer CIN is to identify patients at risk and applying proven preventive interventions. Extracellular volume expansion, minimizing the dose of contrast media, using low-osmolar non-ionic contrast media, stopping the intake of nephrotoxic drugs, and avoiding short intervals between procedures have all been shown to be effective in reducing CIN. The aim of the present review is to summarize the knowledge about the risk factors and prophylactic treatments of CIN.
造影剂肾病（CIN）与发病率和死亡率增加以及医疗费用增加相关，尤其是在糖尿病和慢性肾衰竭患者中。实现更安全的CIN的关键步骤是识别高危患者并应用经证实的预防性干预措施。细胞外液量扩充、尽量减少造影剂剂量、使用低渗非离子型造影剂、停止使用肾毒性药物以及避免检查间隔时间过短，均已证明可有效降低CIN。本综述的目的是总结关于CIN的危险因素和预防性治疗的知识。
