Mäder Urs, Martin Brian W, Schutz Yves, Marti Bernard
Federal Institute of Sports, Magglingen, Switzerland.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Jul;38(7):1255-66. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000227310.18902.28.
Self-administered questionnaires continue to be the most widely used type of physical activity assessment in epidemiological studies. However, test-retest reliability and validity of physical activity questionnaires have to be determined. In this study, three short physical activity questionnaires already used in Switzerland and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were validated.
Test-retest reliability was assessed by repeated administration of all questionnaires within 3 wk in 178 volunteers (77 women, 46.1+/-14.8 yr; 101 men 46.8+/-13.2 yr). Validity of categorical and continuous data was studied in a subsample of 35 persons in relation to 7-d accelerometer readings, percent body fat, and cardiorespiratory fitness.
Reliability was fair to good with a Spearman correlation coefficient range of 0.43-0.68 for measures of continuous data and moderate to fair with Kappa values between 0.32 and 0.46 for dichotomous measures active/inactive. Total physical activity reported in the IPAQ and the Office in Motion Questionnaire (OIMQ) correlated with accelerometry readings (r=0.39 and 0.44, respectively). In contrast, correlations of self-reported physical data with percent body fat and cardiorespiratory fitness were low (r=-0.26-0.29). Participants categorized as active by the Swiss HEPA Survey 1999 instrument (HEPA99) accumulated significantly more days of the recommended physical activities than their inactive counterparts (4.4 and 2.7 d.wk, respectively, P<0.05). However, compared with accelerometer data, vigorous physical activities were overreported in investigated questionnaires.
Collecting valid data on physical activity remains a challenging issue for questionnaire surveys. The IPAQ and the three other questionnaires are characterized to inform decisions about their appropriate use.
在流行病学研究中，自填式问卷仍然是身体活动评估中使用最广泛的类型。然而，身体活动问卷的重测信度和效度必须得到确定。在本研究中，对瑞士已使用的三份简短身体活动问卷和国际身体活动问卷（IPAQ）进行了验证。
通过在3周内对178名志愿者（77名女性，年龄46.1±14.8岁；101名男性，年龄46.8±13.2岁）重复发放所有问卷来评估重测信度。在35人的子样本中，研究分类数据和连续数据与7天加速度计读数、体脂百分比和心肺适能的效度。
连续数据测量的Spearman相关系数范围为0.43 - 0.68，信度为中等至良好；二分法测量活跃/不活跃的Kappa值在0.32至0.46之间，信度为中等至一般。IPAQ和运动办公室问卷（OIMQ）报告的总身体活动与加速度计读数相关（分别为r = 0.39和0.44）。相比之下，自我报告的身体数据与体脂百分比和心肺适能的相关性较低（r = -0.26 - 0.29）。被1999年瑞士健康促进调查工具（HEPA99）归类为活跃的参与者比不活跃的参与者积累了更多天数的推荐身体活动（分别为4.4天/周和2.7天/周，P < 0.05）。然而，与加速度计数据相比，所调查问卷中剧烈身体活动被高估。
对于问卷调查而言，收集关于身体活动的有效数据仍然是一个具有挑战性的问题。IPAQ和其他三份问卷的特点有助于就其适当使用做出决策。
