Huang Yi-Cheng, Huang Yi-You
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Artif Organs. 2006 Jul;30(7):514-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2006.00253.x.
Nerve regeneration is a complex biological phenomenon. Once the nervous system is impaired, its recovery is difficult and malfunctions in other parts of the body may occur because mature neurons do not undergo cell division. To increase the prospects of axonal regeneration and functional recovery, researches have focused on designing "nerve guidance channels" or "nerve conduits." When developing ideal tissue-engineered nerve conduits, several components come to mind. They include a biodegradable and porous channel wall, the ability to deliver bioactive growth factors, incorporation of support cells, an internal oriented matrix to support cell migration, intraluminal channels to mimic the structure of nerve fascicles, and electrical activities. This article reviews the factors that are critical for nerve repair, and the advanced technologies that are explored to fabricate nerve conduits. To more accurately mimic natural repair in the body, recent studies have focused on the use of various advanced approaches to create ideal nerve conduits that combine multiple stimuli in an effort to better mimic the complex signals normally found in the body.
神经再生是一种复杂的生物学现象。一旦神经系统受损，由于成熟神经元不会进行细胞分裂，其恢复就很困难，而且身体其他部位可能会出现功能障碍。为了增加轴突再生和功能恢复的可能性，研究集中在设计“神经引导通道”或“神经导管”上。在开发理想的组织工程神经导管时，会想到几个组成部分。它们包括可生物降解的多孔通道壁、递送生物活性生长因子的能力、支持细胞的掺入、支持细胞迁移的内部定向基质、模拟神经束结构的管腔内通道以及电活动。本文综述了对神经修复至关重要的因素，以及为制造神经导管而探索的先进技术。为了更准确地模拟体内的自然修复，最近的研究集中在使用各种先进方法来创建理想的神经导管，这些导管结合了多种刺激，以更好地模拟体内通常存在的复杂信号。
