Hatz C, Nothdurft H
Schweizerisches Tropeninstitut, Postfach, 4002, Basel.
Internist (Berl). 2006 Aug;47(8):810-2, 814-7. doi: 10.1007/s00108-006-1653-4.
An average of 800 malaria cases are recorded annually in Germany. One person in a hundred dies of the disease. Travel advice given by experienced physicians is essential to raise awareness of malaria risk in endemic areas. Rational mosquito protection on skin and textiles reduces the risk of malaria and other arthropod-transmitted diseases (e. g. dengue fever). Regular intake of an antimalarial drugs to suppress the development forms the basis of reliable chemo prophylaxis in highly endemic areas. The concept of standby emergency treatment (SET) in areas of low or moderate risk needs to be communicated in a detailed and clear way: take the temperature when feeling unwell; seeing a doctor immediately if a fever arises after 6 days of stay in an area, intake of SET if a doctor can not be reached within 24 hours; see a doctor after taking the SET as quickly as possible. These elements help to reduce the rate of severe malaria cases among travelers.
德国每年平均记录800例疟疾病例。每百人中有一人死于该疾病。经验丰富的医生提供的旅行建议对于提高人们对疟疾流行地区风险的认识至关重要。在皮肤和纺织品上合理采取防蚊措施可降低感染疟疾和其他节肢动物传播疾病(如登革热)的风险。在疟疾高度流行地区,定期服用抗疟药物以抑制疟原虫发育是可靠的化学预防的基础。在低风险或中等风险地区,需要详细、清晰地传达备用紧急治疗(SET)的概念:感觉不适时测量体温;在某地区停留6天后出现发热应立即就医,如果24小时内无法就医则服用备用紧急治疗药物;服用备用紧急治疗药物后尽快就医。这些措施有助于降低旅行者中重症疟疾病例的发生率。