Butler Patrick J
School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2006 Sep;145(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.06.006. Epub 2006 Jun 10.
The original definition of aerobic dive limit (ADL) was the dive duration after which there is an increase in post-dive concentration of lactate in the blood of Weddell seals freely diving in the field. The only other species in which such measurements have been made is the emperor penguin. For all other species, aerobic dive limit has been calculated (cADL) by dividing usable oxygen stores with an estimation of the rate of oxygen consumption during diving. Unfortunately, cADL is often referred to as the aerobic dive limit, implying that it is equivalent to that determined from the measurement of post-dive blood lactate concentration. However, this is not so, as at cADL all of the usable oxygen would have been consumed, whereas Weddell seals and emperor penguins can dive for at least 2-3 times longer than their ADL. Thus, at ADL, there is still some usable oxygen remaining in the stores. It is suggested that to avoid continued confusion between these two terms, the former is called diving lactate threshold (DLT), as it is somewhat analogous to the lactate threshold in exercising terrestrial vertebrates. Possible explanations of how some species routinely dive beyond their cADL are also discussed.
有氧潜水极限（ADL）的最初定义是指在野外自由潜水的威德尔海豹血液中，潜水后乳酸浓度开始升高时的潜水持续时间。唯一进行过此类测量的其他物种是帝企鹅。对于所有其他物种，有氧潜水极限（cADL）是通过将可用氧气储备量除以潜水期间氧气消耗率的估计值来计算的。不幸的是，cADL常常被称为有氧潜水极限，这意味着它等同于通过测量潜水后血液乳酸浓度所确定的极限。然而，事实并非如此，因为在达到cADL时，所有可用氧气都会被消耗殆尽，而威德尔海豹和帝企鹅的潜水时间可以比它们的ADL至少长2至3倍。因此，在达到ADL时，储备中仍有一些可用氧气。建议为避免这两个术语之间的持续混淆，前者应称为潜水乳酸阈值（DLT），因为它在某种程度上类似于陆地脊椎动物运动时的乳酸阈值。文中还讨论了一些物种如何常规性地潜水超过其cADL的可能解释。
