Aging: changes in cardiac alpha 1-adrenoceptor responsiveness and expression.

Several investigators have reported a diminished responsiveness of senescent cardiac muscle to norepinephrine and beta-adrenoceptor agonists. In contrast, relatively little is known regarding the effects of aging on myocardial actions mediated specifically by alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation. Thus, the current study examined aging-dependent changes in: (a) the inotropic response to methoxamine, an alpha-adrenoceptor agonist; (b) characteristics of myocardial alpha 1-adrenoceptors as monitored by specific [3H]prazosin binding; and (c) steady state levels of alpha 1-adrenoceptor mRNA as determined by Northern blot analysis. Cardiac preparations were isolated from 4-, 14-, and 25-month-old F344 rats. An aging-associated decline was observed in the maximum positive inotropic effect elicited by methoxamine in right ventricular strips (160 +/- 23, 134 +/- 13 and 79 +/- 26% increase above control developed tension in 4, 14 and 25 months, respectively) with no change in ED50 values. [3H]Prazosin binding to ventricular sarcolemmal membranes revealed a reduction in receptor number (82 +/- 7, 69 +/- 6 and 59 +/- 5 fmol/mg protein in 4, 14 and 25 months, respectively); the apparent dissociation constant was not affected. Steady state levels of alpha 1-adrenoceptor mRNA decreased progressively between 4 and 25 months of age (14- and 25-month levels were approximately 71 and 38% of 4 months, respectively), while steady state levels of beta-actin mRNA did not change with age. These results suggest that the aging-related decline in alpha 1-adrenergic responsiveness in rat ventricular muscle is mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in cardiac alpha 1-adrenoceptor density.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)