Mandal Shyamapada, Mandal M D, Pal N K
Department of Bacteriology and Serology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, C. R. Avenue, Kolkata 700073, India.
J Postgrad Med. 2006 Jul-Sep;52(3):163-6.
Antibiotic resistance pattern and R-plasmid of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A isolates from Kolkata, India are not well documented.
To determine the trend of antibiotic resistance of S. paratyphi A isolates.
A retrospective study was carried out using blood culture isolates of S. paratyphi A (1991 to 2005) obtained from patients of enteric fever from Asansol and Kolkata and its suburbs (India).
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern, using seven antibiotics, for the isolates was determined following agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. Transferability of multidrug resistance to ampicillin (Am), chloramphenicol (Chl), cotrimoxazole (Cot) and tetracycline (Tet) among the isolates was determined by in vitro conjugation. The multi-drug resistant (MDR) and antibiotic susceptible S. paratyphi A strains and the trans-conjugants were screened for the presence of plasmid.
The t test was used to compare the difference between mean minimum inhibitory concentration values of ciprofloxacin (Cp) for nalidixic acid (Nx)-resistant and Nalidixic acid (Nx)-susceptible isolates.
Among 13 outbreak causing isolates in 1991, 9 (69.23%) showed AmChlCotTet-resistance, while 4 (30.77%) Cot-resistance only. During 1992-1994, all 13 isolates were susceptible to Am, Chl, Cot and Tet. During 1995-2005, isolates demonstrated different resistance patterns and emergence of nalidixic acid (Nx)-resistance. A transferable plasmid conferring AmChlCotTet-resistance was detected among MDR isolates. All the isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone (Ctx) and ciprofloxacin (Cp). Association between Nalidixic acid (Nx)-resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (Cp) among 59 S. paratyphi A isolates was noticed (P < 0.001).
Vigilance for R-plasmid and surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility among S. paratyphi A isolates in and around Kolkata, India, are mandatory in order to combat antibiotic resistance of the isolates in this part of the world.
来自印度加尔各答的甲型副伤寒沙门菌分离株的抗生素耐药模式和R质粒情况尚无充分记录。
确定甲型副伤寒沙门菌分离株的抗生素耐药趋势。
采用回顾性研究，使用从印度阿桑索尔、加尔各答及其郊区的伤寒患者中获得的甲型副伤寒沙门菌血培养分离株（1991年至2005年）。
采用琼脂稀释法和纸片扩散法，测定分离株对七种抗生素的药敏模式。通过体外接合试验确定分离株中对氨苄西林（Am）、氯霉素（Chl）、复方新诺明（Cot）和四环素（Tet）的多重耐药性的可转移性。对多重耐药（MDR）和抗生素敏感的甲型副伤寒沙门菌菌株以及转接合子进行质粒检测。
采用t检验比较耐萘啶酸（Nx）和对萘啶酸（Nx）敏感的分离株中，环丙沙星（Cp）的平均最低抑菌浓度值之间的差异。
1991年的13株引起暴发的分离株中，9株（69.23%）表现出对AmChlCotTet耐药，而4株（30.77%）仅对Cot耐药。1992 - 1994年期间，所有13株分离株对Am、Chl、Cot和Tet均敏感。1995 - 2005年期间，分离株表现出不同的耐药模式，且出现了对萘啶酸（Nx）的耐药性。在多重耐药分离株中检测到一种赋予AmChlCotTet耐药性的可转移质粒。所有分离株对头孢曲松（Ctx）和环丙沙星（Cp）均敏感。在59株甲型副伤寒沙门菌分离株中，观察到萘啶酸（Nx）耐药性与对环丙沙星（Cp）敏感性降低之间存在关联（P < 0.001）。
为应对印度加尔各答及其周边地区甲型副伤寒沙门菌分离株的抗生素耐药性，必须对该地区分离株的R质粒进行监测，并对其药敏情况进行监测。
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