Merckelbach H, van den Hout M A
Department of Mental Health Science, University of Limburg.
Z Psychol Z Angew Psychol. 1991;199(3):267-77.
According to Donegan and Wagner's priming model [1987], a signalled UCS will elicit a smaller UCR than an unsignalled UCS. Assuming that fear-relevant CSs are good predictors of aversive UCSs, while fear-irrelevant CSs are relatively bad predictors of aversive UCSs, the present study examined the effect of fear relevance on electrodermal UCR diminution during the acquisition phase of a single cue conditioning procedure. Four groups were studied, each of which consisted of 12 subjects. Group 1 had a fear-relevant CS (a slide of an angry face) paired with a UCS (7 mA shock), whereas group 2 had a fear-irrelevant CS (a slide of a happy face) paired with a UCS. Groups 3 and 4 had unpaired presentations of the CS and UCS and served as control groups for 1 and 2. There were 4 habituation, 8 acquisition, 4 recovery (UCS-only), and 6 extinction (CS-only) trials. While overall UCR levels were lower in the paired than in the unpaired control groups, it was also found that the size of UCR decrement and subsequent recovery was greater in the angry face CS-paired group than in the happy face CS-paired group. This finding is in line with the predictions that flow from the Donegan and Wagner model.
根据多尼根和瓦格纳的启动模型（1987年），有信号提示的无条件刺激（UCS）所引发的无条件反应（UCR）要比无信号提示的无条件刺激所引发的无条件反应小。假设与恐惧相关的条件刺激（CS）是厌恶型无条件刺激的良好预测指标，而与恐惧无关的条件刺激是厌恶型无条件刺激的相对较差的预测指标，本研究考察了在单一线索条件作用程序的习得阶段，恐惧相关性对皮肤电无条件反应减弱的影响。研究了四组，每组由12名受试者组成。第一组将与恐惧相关的条件刺激（一张愤怒面孔的幻灯片）与无条件刺激（7毫安电击）配对，而第二组将与恐惧无关的条件刺激（一张开心面孔的幻灯片）与无条件刺激配对。第三组和第四组对条件刺激和无条件刺激进行非配对呈现，并作为第一组和第二组的对照组。共有4次习惯化试验、8次习得试验、4次恢复试验（仅有无条件刺激）和6次消退试验（仅有条件刺激）。虽然配对组的总体无条件反应水平低于非配对对照组，但还发现，与愤怒面孔条件刺激配对的组中无条件反应减少的幅度以及随后的恢复幅度大于与开心面孔条件刺激配对的组。这一发现与多尼根和瓦格纳模型的预测相符。
