Gillmore Mary Rogers, Gilchrist Lewayne, Lee Jungeun, Oxford Monica L
School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Aug;39(2):237-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.12.007.
To determine whether adolescent childbearing mothers "mature out" of substance use as they transition into adulthood, how their substance use compares to that of typical young women of the same ages, and whether there are different patterns of substance use evident in this vulnerable population.
The data come from an ongoing longitudinal study of 240 young women who were unmarried, pregnant, and under age 18 at enrollment. They have been interviewed regularly from pregnancy through 11.5 years postpartum. The data are based on self-reported substance use verified by random urinalysis for drug metabolites.
Substance use did not decline during the transition to adulthood nor into early adulthood. With the exception of alcohol, the prevalence of substance use was higher than that of a nationally representative sample of same-aged women. Three distinct patterns of substance use were identified: licit users (cigarettes and/or alcohol), marijuana users, and "hard" drug users.
Clinicians should routinely assess substance use among young mothers who bore children as teenagers, and make referrals for appropriate treatment. Cigarette smoking is especially a cause for concern, given its widespread use and harmful effects for both mothers and their children. Although only a small proportion (about 5%) of young mothers used hard drugs consistently over time, this group will likely require comprehensive interventions that address multiple issues such as mental health and contextual factors to be effective. Future research should address reasons for continued substance use in this population.
确定青少年生育母亲在步入成年后是否会“戒除”物质使用，她们的物质使用情况与同龄典型年轻女性相比如何，以及在这一弱势群体中是否存在明显不同的物质使用模式。
数据来自一项正在进行的对240名未婚、怀孕且入学时未满18岁的年轻女性的纵向研究。从怀孕到产后11.5年，她们接受了定期访谈。数据基于自我报告的物质使用情况，并通过对药物代谢物的随机尿液分析进行验证。
在向成年期过渡以及进入成年早期期间，物质使用并未减少。除酒精外，物质使用的患病率高于全国代表性同龄女性样本。确定了三种不同的物质使用模式：合法使用者（香烟和/或酒精）、大麻使用者和“硬性”毒品使用者。
临床医生应常规评估青少年生育的年轻母亲中的物质使用情况，并进行适当治疗的转诊。鉴于吸烟的广泛使用及其对母亲和孩子的有害影响，吸烟尤其令人担忧。尽管只有一小部分（约5%）的年轻母亲长期持续使用硬性毒品，但这一群体可能需要综合干预措施来解决心理健康和背景因素等多个问题才能有效。未来的研究应探讨该人群持续物质使用的原因。
