Neumark-Sztainer Dianne, Paxton Susan J, Hannan Peter J, Haines Jess, Story Mary
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Aug;39(2):244-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.12.001.
This study addresses the question, "Does body satisfaction matter?" by examining longitudinal associations between body satisfaction and weight-related health-promoting and health-compromising behaviors five years later among adolescents.
Project EAT-II followed an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse sample of 2516 adolescents from 1999 (Time 1) to 2004 (Time 2). Associations between body satisfaction at Time 1 and health behaviors at Time 2 were examined, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and Time 1 health behaviors, with and without adjustment for body mass index (BMI).
In females, lower body satisfaction predicted higher levels of dieting, unhealthy and very unhealthy weight control behaviors and binge eating, and lower levels of physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake. After adjusting for BMI, associations between body satisfaction and dieting, very unhealthy weight control behaviors, and physical activity remained statistically significant. In males, lower body satisfaction predicted higher levels of dieting, healthy, unhealthy, and very unhealthy weight control behaviors, binge eating, and smoking, and lower levels of physical activity. After adjusting for BMI, associations between body satisfaction and dieting, unhealthy weight control behavior, and binge eating remained statistically significant.
The study findings indicate that, in general, lower body satisfaction does not serve as a motivator for engaging in healthy weight management behaviors, but rather predicts the use of behaviors that may place adolescents at risk for weight gain and poorer overall health. Interventions with adolescents should strive to enhance body satisfaction and avoid messages likely to lead to decreases in body satisfaction.
本研究通过调查青少年五年后身体满意度与体重相关的健康促进和健康损害行为之间的纵向关联，来探讨“身体满意度重要吗？”这一问题。
“青少年饮食与健康研究项目二期”（Project EAT-II）追踪了从1999年（时间1）到2004年（时间2）的2516名来自不同种族和社会经济背景的青少年样本。研究了时间1时的身体满意度与时间2时的健康行为之间的关联，在调整社会人口学特征和时间1时的健康行为的基础上，分别进行了有无调整体重指数（BMI）的分析。
在女性中，较低的身体满意度预示着更高水平的节食、不健康和极不健康的体重控制行为以及暴饮暴食，以及较低水平的体育活动和果蔬摄入量。在调整BMI后，身体满意度与节食、极不健康的体重控制行为和体育活动之间的关联仍具有统计学意义。在男性中，较低的身体满意度预示着更高水平的节食、健康、不健康和极不健康的体重控制行为、暴饮暴食和吸烟，以及较低水平的体育活动。在调整BMI后，身体满意度与节食、不健康的体重控制行为和暴饮暴食之间的关联仍具有统计学意义。
研究结果表明，总体而言，较低的身体满意度并不能促使青少年采取健康的体重管理行为，反而预示着他们会采用可能导致体重增加和整体健康状况较差的行为。针对青少年的干预措施应致力于提高身体满意度，并避免可能导致身体满意度下降的信息。
