Inglis Peter N, Boroevich Keith A, Leroux Michel R
Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
Trends Genet. 2006 Sep;22(9):491-500. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2006.07.006. Epub 2006 Jul 24.
Cilia are slender microtubule-based appendages that emanate from the surfaces of a large proportion of eukaryotic cells. The motile and non-motile forms of cilia represent bona fide organelles comprising distinct repertoires of proteins that serve specific roles in locomotion or fluid movement, and sense chemical or physical extracellular cues. Owing in part to the growing number of genes associated with ciliary disorders, such as polycystic kidney disease and Bardet-Biedl syndrome, there has been a recent profusion of studies aimed at unveiling the protein makeup of cilia. The approaches used are complementary, involving several different organisms and spanning the fields of bioinformatics, genomics and proteomics. Here we review these studies and assess the various data sets to help define a comprehensive ciliary proteome, or 'ciliome'. We have compiled a cilia protein database that includes known cilia-associated proteins and numerous putative ciliary proteins including RAB-like small GTPases, which might be implicated in vesicular trafficking, and the microtubule-binding protein MIP-T3, some of which might be associated with ciliopathies.
纤毛是基于微管的细长附属物，从大部分真核细胞表面伸出。纤毛的运动型和非运动型是真正的细胞器，由不同的蛋白质组成，这些蛋白质在运动或流体移动中发挥特定作用，并感知细胞外化学或物理信号。部分由于与纤毛疾病（如多囊肾病和巴德-比德尔综合征）相关的基因数量不断增加，最近有大量研究旨在揭示纤毛的蛋白质组成。所使用的方法是互补的，涉及几种不同的生物体，涵盖生物信息学、基因组学和蛋白质组学领域。在这里，我们回顾这些研究并评估各种数据集，以帮助定义一个全面完整的纤毛蛋白质组，即“纤毛组”。我们已经编制了一个纤毛蛋白质数据库，其中包括已知的纤毛相关蛋白以及许多假定的纤毛蛋白，包括可能参与囊泡运输的RAB样小GTP酶，以及微管结合蛋白MIP-T3，其中一些可能与纤毛病有关。
