Oates Phillip-S, West Adrian-R
World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jul 21;12(27):4281-95. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i27.4281.
The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a simple epithelium that undergoes constant renewal involving cell division, differentiation and cell death. In addition, the epithelial lining separates the hostile processes of digestion and absorption that occur in the intestinal lumen from the aseptic environment of the internal milieu by defensive mechanisms that protect the epithelium from being breached. Central to these defensive processes is the synthesis of heme and its catabolism by heme oxygenase (HO). Dietary heme is also an important source of iron for the body which is taken up intact by the enterocyte. This review describes the recent literature on the diverse properties of heme/HO in the intestine tract. The roles of heme/HO in the regulation of the cell cycle/apoptosis, detoxification of xenobiotics, oxidative stress, inflammation, development of colon cancer, heme-iron absorption and intestinal motility are specifically examined.
胃肠道由单层上皮细胞构成，这些细胞不断更新，涉及细胞分裂、分化和细胞死亡。此外，上皮细胞层通过防御机制将肠道腔内发生的消化和吸收等有害过程与体内无菌环境分隔开来，这些防御机制可保护上皮细胞不被破坏。这些防御过程的核心是血红素的合成及其由血红素加氧酶（HO）进行的分解代谢。膳食血红素也是身体铁的重要来源，肠上皮细胞可完整摄取。本综述描述了近期关于血红素/HO在肠道中多种特性的文献。特别研究了血红素/HO在细胞周期/凋亡调节、外源性物质解毒、氧化应激、炎症、结肠癌发生、血红素铁吸收和肠道运动中的作用。
