Cates Sheryl C, Morales Roberta A, Karns Shawn A, Jaykus Lee-Ann, Kosa Katherine M, Teneyck Toby, Moore Christina M, Cowen Peter
RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
J Food Prot. 2006 Jul;69(7):1630-9. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-69.7.1630.
Proper storage and handling of refrigerated ready-to-eat foods can help reduce the risk of listeriosis. A national Web-based survey was conducted to measure consumer awareness and knowledge of Listeria and to estimate the prevalence of the U.S. Department of Agriculture-recommended consumer storage and handling practices for frankfurters and deli meats. The demographic characteristics of consumers who are unaware of Listeria and who do not follow the recommended storage guidelines were also assessed. In addition, predictive models were developed to determine which consumers engage in risky storage practices. Less than half of the consumers surveyed were aware of Listeria, and most of those aware were unable to identify associated food vehicles. Awareness was lower among adults 60 years of age and older, an at-risk population for listeriosis, and individuals with relatively less education and lower incomes. Most households safely stored and prepared frankfurters. Most households stored unopened packages of vacuum-packed deli meats in the refrigerator within the U.S. Department of Agriculture-recommended storage guidelines (< or =14 days); however, many stored opened packages of vacuum-packed deli meats and freshly sliced deli meats for longer than the recommended time (< or =5 days). Men, more-educated individuals, and individuals living in metropolitan areas were more likely to engage in risky storage practices. This study identified the need to develop targeted educational initiatives on listeriosis prevention.
正确储存和处理冷藏即食食品有助于降低李斯特菌病的风险。开展了一项基于网络的全国性调查，以衡量消费者对李斯特菌的认知和了解程度，并估算美国农业部推荐的热狗和熟食肉类消费者储存及处理方法的普及率。同时，还评估了不了解李斯特菌且未遵循推荐储存指南的消费者的人口统计学特征。此外，还开发了预测模型，以确定哪些消费者存在危险的储存行为。接受调查的消费者中，不到一半知晓李斯特菌，而且大多数知晓者无法识别与之相关的食品载体。60岁及以上的成年人（李斯特菌病的高危人群）以及受教育程度相对较低和收入较低的人群对李斯特菌的知晓率较低。大多数家庭安全地储存和处理热狗。大多数家庭按照美国农业部推荐的储存指南（≤14天）将未开封的真空包装熟食肉类存放在冰箱中；然而，许多家庭将开封的真空包装熟食肉类和新鲜切片的熟食肉类存放时间超过了推荐时间（≤5天）。男性、受教育程度较高的人群以及居住在大都市地区的人群更有可能采取危险的储存行为。该研究确定了开展有针对性的预防李斯特菌病教育活动的必要性。
