Roelke M E, Pecon-Slattery J, Taylor S, Citino S, Brown E, Packer C, Vandewoude S, O'Brien S J
Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, Basic Research Program, SAIC Frederick, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2006 Apr;42(2):234-48. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-42.2.234.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes feline AIDS in the domestic cat (Felis catus). Serological surveys indicate that at least 25 other species of cat possess antibodies that cross-react with domestic cat FIV. Most infected nondomestic cat species are without major symptoms of disease. Long-term studies of FIV genome variation and pathogenesis reveal patterns consistent with coadaptation of virus and host in free-ranging FIV-Ple-infected African lions (Panthera leo) and FIV-Pco-infected pumas (Puma concolor) populations. This report examined correlates of immunodeficiency in wild and captive lions and pumas by quantifying CD5(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) T-cell subsets. Free-ranging FIV-Ple-infected lions had immunofluorescence flow cytometry (IFC) profiles marked by a dramatic decline in CD4(+) subsets, a reduction of the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio, reduction of CD8(+)beta(high) cells, and expansion of the CD8(+)beta(low) subset relative to uninfected lions. An overall significant depletion in CD5(+) T-cells in seropositive lions was linked with a compensatory increase in total CD5(-) lymphocytes. The IFC profiles were altered significantly in 50% of the seropositive individuals examined. The FIV-Pco-infected pumas had a more generalized response of lymphopenia expressed as a significant decline in total lymphocytes, CD5(+) T-cells, and CD5(-) lymphocytes as well as a significant reduction in CD4(+) T-cells. Like lions, seropositive pumas had a significant decline in CD8(+)beta(high) cells but differed by not having compensatory expansion of CD8(+)beta(low) cells relative to controls. Results from FIV-infected lions and pumas parallel human and Asian monkey CD4(+) diminution in HIV and SIV infection, respectively, and suggest there may be unrecognized immunological consequences of FIV infection in these two species of large cats.
猫免疫缺陷病毒（FIV）是一种与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）相关的慢病毒，可在家猫（Felis catus）中引发猫艾滋病。血清学调查表明，至少还有25种其他猫科动物拥有能与家猫FIV发生交叉反应的抗体。大多数受感染的非家猫物种没有明显的疾病症状。对FIV基因组变异和发病机制的长期研究揭示了一些模式，这些模式与野生FIV-Ple感染的非洲狮（Panthera leo）和FIV-Pco感染的美洲狮（Puma concolor）种群中病毒与宿主的共同适应一致。本报告通过量化CD5(+)、CD4(+)和CD8(+) T细胞亚群，研究了野生和圈养狮子及美洲狮免疫缺陷的相关因素。野生FIV-Ple感染的狮子的免疫荧光流式细胞术（IFC）图谱显示，CD4(+)亚群显著下降，CD4(+)/CD8(+)比值降低，CD8(+)β(高)细胞减少，与未感染狮子相比，CD8(+)β(低)亚群扩大。血清阳性狮子中CD5(+) T细胞总体显著减少，与总CD5(-)淋巴细胞的代偿性增加有关。在所检查的血清阳性个体中，50%的IFC图谱有显著改变。FIV-Pco感染的美洲狮有更普遍的淋巴细胞减少反应，表现为总淋巴细胞、CD5(+) T细胞和CD5(-)淋巴细胞显著下降，以及CD4(+) T细胞显著减少。与狮子一样，血清阳性的美洲狮CD8(+)β(高)细胞也显著下降，但与对照组相比，CD8(+)β(低)细胞没有代偿性扩增。FIV感染的狮子和美洲狮的结果分别与人类和亚洲猴在HIV和SIV感染中的CD4(+)减少情况相似，表明在这两种大型猫科动物中，FIV感染可能存在未被认识到的免疫后果。
