Foster Garry W, Cunningham Mark W, Kinsella John M, McLaughlin Grace, Forrester Donald J
Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0880, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2006 Apr;42(2):402-6. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-42.2.402.
Thirty-five Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi [Bangs, 1899]) collected from six counties in southern Florida between 1978 and 2003 were examined at necropsy for gastrointestinal helminths. The panthers were placed into two groups: 1) treated with anthelmintics (n = 17), and 2) untreated (n = 18). Nine species of helminths (one trematode, six nematodes, and two cestodes) were identified in the untreated panthers. The most prevalent helminths were Alaria marcianae (LaRue, 1917) (100%), Spirometra mansonoides (Mueller, 1935) (91%), and Ancylostoma pluridentatum (Alessandrini, 1905) (89%). Ancylostoma caninum (Ercolani, 1859) is reported from the Florida panther for the first time. The intensities of helminths with prevalences >10% did not differ between untreated panthers collected in 1978-1983 and 1996-2003. Treated panthers had helminth faunas similar to those of untreated panthers. The current anthelmintic treatment being used reduced the intensity of both A. marcianae and A. pluridentatum in panthers < or =6 mo posttreatment (PT); however, treated panthers between 6 and 9 mo PT, and >9 mo PT were similar to untreated panthers. Treatment was less effective on S. mansonoides and Taenia omissa Lühe, 1910. Treated panthers had slightly lower intensities of S. mansonoides at < or =6 mo PT; however, between 6 and 9 mo PT and >9 mo PT they had significantly higher intensities than untreated panthers. At all periods PT, the intensity of T. omissa for the treated panthers was similar to that of untreated panthers. We suggest that Mesocestoides sp. may not be present in the Florida panther population as reported earlier by Forrester et al. (1985), due to parasite misidentification by those authors.
1978年至2003年间，从佛罗里达州南部六个县收集了35只佛罗里达美洲狮（美洲狮指名亚种[邦斯，1899年]），在尸检时检查其胃肠道蠕虫。这些美洲狮被分为两组：1）接受驱虫药治疗的（n = 17），和2）未治疗的（n = 18）。在未治疗的美洲狮中鉴定出9种蠕虫（1种吸虫、6种线虫和2种绦虫）。最常见的蠕虫是马氏并殖吸虫（拉鲁，1917年）（100%）、曼氏迭宫绦虫（米勒，1935年）（91%）和多齿钩口线虫（亚历山德里尼，1905年）（89%）。犬钩口线虫（埃尔科拉尼，1859年）首次在佛罗里达美洲狮中被报道。1978 - 1983年和1996 - 2003年收集的未治疗美洲狮中，患病率>10%的蠕虫感染强度没有差异。接受治疗的美洲狮的蠕虫区系与未治疗的美洲狮相似。目前使用的驱虫治疗降低了治疗后≤6个月的美洲狮中马氏并殖吸虫和多齿钩口线虫的感染强度；然而，治疗后6至9个月以及>9个月的美洲狮与未治疗的美洲狮相似。治疗对曼氏迭宫绦虫和遗漏带绦虫（吕厄，1910年）效果较差。治疗后≤6个月的美洲狮中曼氏迭宫绦虫的感染强度略低；然而，在治疗后6至9个月以及>9个月时，它们的感染强度明显高于未治疗的美洲狮。在治疗后的所有时间段，治疗组美洲狮中遗漏带绦虫的感染强度与未治疗组相似。我们认为，由于那些作者对寄生虫的错误鉴定，佛罗里达美洲狮种群中可能不存在如福雷斯特等人（1985年）早期报道的中殖孔绦虫属物种。
