Moalla Wassim, Maingourd Yves, Gauthier Rémi, Cahalin Lawrence P, Tabka Zouhair, Ahmaidi Said
EA-3300: APS et Conduites Motrices: Adapations et Réadaptations, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2006 Aug;13(4):604-11. doi: 10.1097/01.hjr.0000201515.59085.69.
Diminished aerobic capacity and weakness of both respiratory and peripheral muscles have been observed in cardiac patients and may contribute to exercise limitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a home-based training programme on aerobic fitness and oxygenation of the respiratory muscles in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).
Eighteen patients with CHD aged 12-15 years participated in this study. Ten patients (training group, TG) underwent a training programme for 12 weeks and eight patients served as a non-training control group (CG). All subjects performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test before and after the study period. Oxygenation of the respiratory muscles was assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy. No significant differences were observed, at baseline and after the completion of the study, between the CG and TG in peak exercise workload, oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), pulmonary ventilation (VE), and heart rate (HR). However, a significant improvement in exercise performance was found in the TG versus the CG when results were compared at the ventilatory threshold (Vth): workload (45.2+/-8.0 versus 58.5+/-7.4%; P<0.05), VO2 (62.3+/-7.5 versus 69.8+/-5.1%; P<0.05), VCO2 (49.8+/-5.7 versus 60.0+/-5.8%; P<0.05), VE (42.8+/-9.9 versus 50.1+/-9.5%; P<0.05), and HR (69.5+/-6.1 versus 76.0+/-3.5%; P<0.05). After training, an improvement in oxygenation of the respiratory muscles was found in the TG from 60% of VO2max until the end of exercise. At the Vth, the TG showed greater oxygenation after training (55.1+/-6.6 versus 43.0+/-6.9%, P<0.01, respectively). Furthermore, we showed a significant correlation of the change in respiratory muscle oxygenation and VO2 in the TG (r=0.90, P<0.01).
It is concluded that general physical training at submaximal intensity induces better aerobic fitness and improves respiratory muscle oxygenation in children with CHD.
在心脏病患者中已观察到有氧能力下降以及呼吸和外周肌肉无力，这可能导致运动受限。本研究的目的是评估一项家庭训练计划对先天性心脏病（CHD）患儿有氧适能和呼吸肌氧合的影响。
18名年龄在12至15岁的CHD患者参与了本研究。10名患者（训练组，TG）接受了为期12周的训练计划，8名患者作为非训练对照组（CG）。所有受试者在研究期间前后均进行了心肺运动测试。使用近红外光谱法评估呼吸肌的氧合情况。在基线时和研究结束后，CG和TG在峰值运动负荷、摄氧量（VO2）、二氧化碳排出量（VCO2）、肺通气量（VE）和心率（HR）方面未观察到显著差异。然而，当在通气阈值（Vth）比较结果时，发现TG相对于CG的运动表现有显著改善：负荷（45.2±8.0对58.5±7.4%；P<0.05）、VO2（62.3±7.5对69.8±5.1%；P<0.05）、VCO2（49.8±5.7对60.0±5.8%；P<0.05）、VE（42.8±9.9对50.1±9.5%；P<0.05）和HR（69.5±6.1对76.0±3.5%；P<0.05）。训练后，发现TG从VO2max的60%到运动结束时呼吸肌氧合有所改善。在Vth时，TG训练后显示出更高的氧合（分别为55.1±6.6对43.0±6.9%，P<0.01）。此外，我们显示TG中呼吸肌氧合变化与VO2之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.90，P<0.01）。
得出结论，次最大强度的一般体育训练可使CHD患儿获得更好的有氧适能并改善呼吸肌氧合。
